ИИ в хирургията и викторина по хирургическа роботика

Отговорите и обясненията се появяват, докато отговаряте на теста.

1. How does the manufacturer describe a da Vinci surgical system?
   • A surgeon controls robotic instruments from a console
   • A robot independently performs surgery without a clinician
   • A device that replaces all surgical instruments with imaging
   • A system that diagnoses patients without a surgeon
2. Какво демонстрира роботът STAR при проучвания върху животни?
   • Диагностициране на рак от кръвни проби
   • Автономно зашиване на мека чревна тъкан, с консистенция, съперничеща или побеждаваща експертите
   • Смяна на анестезиолога
   • Извършване на мозъчна операция без образна диагностика
3. Защо хирургическата среда е особено предизвикателна за компютърното зрение?
   • Той е твърде ярко осветен и статичен
   • Никога няма движение за проследяване
   • Тъканта е деформируема, блестяща и затъмнена от кръв, дим и оклузия
   • Камерите не могат да се поберат в тялото
4. What did the AVOID randomized trial find about ICG fluorescence and the overall 90-day colorectal anastomotic-leak rate?
   • It eliminated all leaks
   • It confirmed adequate perfusion in every patient
   • It proved that no surgeon review was needed
   • It did not significantly reduce the overall rate in the studied population
5. In the AVOID trial, what did ICG near-infrared fluorescence help surgeons assess?
   • Bowel perfusion when choosing or adjusting a transection line
   • Whether a malignant tumor was fully removed
   • Whether an anastomosis was guaranteed not to leak
   • Whether the patient needed no postoperative monitoring
6. Which is a prudent human-factors design choice for AI-assisted surgical tools?
   • Allow software to continue after the clinician withdraws authorization
   • Keep a qualified clinician able to supervise and override the system
   • Treat model confidence as a substitute for clinical judgment
   • Disable all manual controls once the system starts
7. What visual information did the STAR research system use when planning sutures?
   • A patient’s genome sequence
   • Ultrasound audio alone
   • Stereo images and detected tissue landmarks
   • A text-only operative note
8. Which STAR result was reported for laparoscopic intestinal anastomosis in the 2022 animal study?
   • It achieved zero complications in human clinical practice
   • It proved the robot outperformed every surgeon on every outcome
   • It obtained FDA clearance for autonomous surgery
   • The robot showed greater consistency on measures including suture spacing and bite depth in that experiment