게임 레벨 생성의 AI

Procedural content generation (PCG) has powered games for decades, from the dungeons of Rogue (1980) to the 18 quintillion planets of No Man's Sky. Classic methods use noise functions like Perlin noise for terrain, plus grammars and rule sets for rooms and quests. The newer wave is PCG via machine learning (PCGML), where models learn from existing levels. Approaches include GANs that generate playable Mario-style stages, reinforcement learning agents that design levels by maximizing fun or difficulty, and Wave Function Collapse, a constraint solver that tiles a map so neighboring pieces always fit. A central challenge is testing whether levels are completable and balanced, not just visually plausible, so designers pair generators with automated playtesting bots.