Byagenze bite
Meta yasohoye ibisobanuro ku ya 27 Kanama isobanura uburyo ikonjesha seriveri nyinshi ya AI. Uru ruganda ruvuga ko amakuru mashya ya AI yongerewe amakuru cyane cyane akoresha cyane cyane gukonjesha amazi akonje, mu gihe imyigire yo gushimangira ikoreshwa mu kwigana no gutwara indege kugira ngo ibikorwa bikonje bikonje.
Meta ivuga ko ingufu n’ubushyuhe bigenda byiyongera by’ibikoresho bya AI bituma ubukonje busanzwe bwo mu kirere budakorwa neza kuri seriveri yuzuye. Isosiyete itandukanye n’ibikorwa remezo bishya bya AI hamwe n’urugero rwabanje gutanga amakuru muri Altoona, muri Iowa, aho ibice birimo 16 Nvidia H100 GPUs byakonje rwose hamwe n’umwuka kandi bigakoresha amazi make. Nk’uko Meta ibivuga, ibishushanyo mbonera bishya byongereye uburyo butandukanye. Ingingo nyamukuru isaba ni uko gukonjesha ari igice cyingenzi cyibikorwa remezo bya AI, ntabwo ari inyubako-serivisi gusa.
Sisitemu Meta isobanura kuzenguruka kuvanga amazi na glycol binyuze mubikoresho bya seriveri kugirango bitware ubushyuhe kure. Guhindura ubushyuhe noneho wohereze ubushyuhe muri coolant mbere yuko imvange imwe isubira muri seriveri mukizunguruka gikomeza. Meta ivuga ko ayo mazi atirukanwa muri icyo kigo kandi ko yiteze ko ibicurane bizakomeza gukora kugeza mu myaka icumi bitasimbuwe. Iyo inyubako idafite ibikorwa remezo bikonjesha bikonjesha, isosiyete ivuga ko ikoresha gukonjesha amazi bifashwa n’umwuka: gukwirakwiza ibice birimo pompe hamwe n’ubushyuhe butanga inzira imwe y’ibanze ifunze-ku gipimo gito.
Meta ivuga kandi ko gukonjesha amazi bishobora kuzamura ubwinshi bwumubiri. Umusobanuzi wacyo avuga ko gukonjesha ikirere seriveri imwe bisaba hafi inshuro ebyiri seriveri-tray kubera ibikoresho byongera ubukonje. Gukonjesha-kuri-chip gukonjesha, bitandukanye, birashobora kwemerera GPU nyinshi guhuza umurongo umwe, bikagabanya umubare wibikoresho bikenerwa mukigo gifite ubushobozi bwo kubara. Meta ikomeza ivuga ko ikigo gisanzwe cya AI cyashyizwe mu bikorwa hifashishijwe uburyo bwo gukonjesha no gukonjesha byumye bifata amazi make buri mwaka ugereranije na resitora ebyiri zuzuye, ariko ntabwo itanga ingano yumwaka cyangwa ishingiro ryukuri ryo kugereranya.
Ingingo yongeramo software. Meta ivuga ko abajenjeri bubatse imashini ishingiye kuri fiziki yerekana imiterere yikirere, imitwaro ya seriveri hamwe n imyitwarire ikonjesha. Kwiga gushimangira birashobora kugerageza ibyemezo byo gukonjesha muri ibyo bidukikije bigereranijwe aho kubanza kugerageza kubuzima. Meta ivuga ko ubwo buryo bwaguwe kuva mu bushakashatsi bugera ku bigo bikonjesha ikirere gikonje kandi ko umuderevu umwe ku rubuga rumwe yagabanije ingufu zikoreshwa n’abafana bakonjesha ikirere ku kigereranyo cya 20% mu gihe kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’amazi 4% mu bihe bitandukanye by’ikirere. Inkomoko ntisobanura ikibanza cyicyitegererezo, igihe cyacyo, imikoreshereze yacyo yibanze cyangwa umubare wibikoresho bigira uruhare runini.
Ibisobanuro birambuye: about.fb.com ↗
Impamvu ari ngombwa
Ubukonje burimo kuba imbogamizi ifatika kuko ibyuma bya AI bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bisaba koherezwa cyane. Konti ya Meta yerekana ko gukonjesha amazi hamwe no gukoresha neza porogaramu bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mbaraga, amazi, umwanya n’ibikorwa remezo bikenerwa n’ibikoresho binini byo kubara AI, nubwo ibisubizo byatangajwe bituruka kuri Meta n’umuderevu umwe.
Ibikorwa remezo bya AI bikunze kuganirwaho mubijyanye na chipi n amashanyarazi, ariko isoko yerekana intege nke zumubiri zigaragara: kuvana ubushyuhe mubikoresho bya mudasobwa bipakiye cyane. Niba gukonjesha amazi kwemerera GPU nyinshi murwego rumwe, abashoramari barashobora kongera ubushobozi bwo kubara bataguye ikirenge cyinyubako kurwego rumwe. Ibyo bishobora guhindura igishushanyo nigiciro cyibikoresho bikoreshwa muguhugura no gukoresha sisitemu ya AI.
Gukoresha amazi ni impungenge rusange mubigo byamakuru, ariko isoko yabigaragaje neza nkaho biterwa nigishushanyo mbonera aho kuba ibintu byikora bya mudasobwa. Ibisobanuro bya Meta bifunze-byerekana ko amazi ashobora gukora cyane cyane nka coolant izenguruka aho guhora ikoreshwa cyangwa isohoka. Iri tandukanyirizo ni ingenzi cyane kubaturage basuzuma ibikoresho byasabwe, nubwo kugereranya resitora yingingo bidahagije kugirango hamenyekane ingaruka zose z’amazi ya Meta ya data-center.
Raporo yo gushimangira-kwiga-ingirakamaro ni ngombwa kuko ihuza uburyo bwa AI n'imikorere y'ibikorwa remezo bya AI. Icyitegererezo ntabwo gisobanurwa nko kugenzura sisitemu rusange-igamije cyangwa gufata ibyemezo bitagenzuwe bijyanye na serivisi rusange; ikoreshwa mugupima ingamba zo gukonjesha muri simulator yerekana imiterere yumubiri. Meta ivuga ko politiki yavuyemo yagabanije ingufu z'abafana ku kigereranyo cya 20% ugereranije no gukoresha amazi 4% muri pilote. Niba byigana, ibyo gutezimbere birashobora kugabanya ibiciro byo gukora hamwe nibisabwa byumutungo udakeneye impinduka kumurimo wibanze wa AI.
Inkomoko isobanura kandi inzira yo kugabana inganda. Meta ivuga ko umushinga wacyo wa Open , washinzwe mu 2011, ugamije kurushaho gukora ibikorwa remezo by’ikigo bikora neza, bigakorwa kandi bikaramba, kandi akavuga ko iyi sosiyete yatangaje urubuga rwa IcePack rukonjesha imiyoboro ya rack mu mwaka wa 2025 kugira ngo rusangire ku buntu binyuze muri uwo mushinga. Iri tangazo ryambere ni inyuma aho kuba amakuru mashya muriyi ngingo. Umusanzu mushya, ku gihe ni Meta ibisobanuro birambuye kubyerekeye ubukonje bukonje hamwe na konti yayo y'ibisubizo-byo kwiga-gushimangira, ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa bishya cyangwa kugenzura byigenga mu nganda zose.
Uburyo bukoreshwa: Uburyo bukora
Shakisha ikoranabuhanga ryihishe inyuma yiri terambere.
Which component of an AI application is the machine-learning model itself?
Ibyo kureba
Ibibazo by'ingenzi ni ukumenya niba Meta yazigamye yazigamye ku mbuga nyinshi, ikirere n'imirimo myinshi, ndetse n'amazi n'ingufu sisitemu ikoresha mu buryo bwuzuye. Reba kubyemeza byigenga, ibisobanuro birambuye kubipimo byoherejwe, nibimenyetso byerekana ko ibishushanyo mbonera byafunguye hamwe nuburyo bwo kwiga-gushimangira ari ingirakamaro kurenza Meta.
Ikigaragara cyane ni ukugenzura. Imibare yose yimikorere ikomoka ni Meta ubwayo yivugiye, kandi ingingo ntivuga ubugenzuzi bwigenga, ubushakashatsi bwasuzumwe nabagenzi cyangwa ibipimo byaturutse hanze yikigo. Kugabanya ingufu za 20% no kugabanya amazi 4% rero bigomba gufatwa nkibisubizo byatanzwe, ntabwo byashizweho ibisubizo kubigo bya AI muri rusange. Raporo yigihe kizaza igomba gushakisha urubuga rwindege, igihe bimara, ikirere, imiterere yumurimo, ibipimo fatizo hamwe nuburyo butandukanye.
Imikoreshereze yuzuye yumutungo ikomeje kutamenyekana. Meta itanga kugabanuka ugereranije no kugereranya na resitora ebyiri zuzuye zuzuye, ariko ntivuga ikigo gikoresha amakuru yumwaka ukoresha, gukoresha amashanyarazi, umutwaro ukonje cyangwa umubare rusange wa GPU. Kugereranya kandi ntusobanura niba harimo amazi akoreshwa ahandi mu kigo cyangwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi. Hatariho iyo mibare, abasomyi ntibashobora kubara igipimo cyo kuzigama cyangwa kugereranya sisitemu nibindi bishushanyo bikonje.
Ingano yo kohereza nikindi kibazo gifunguye. Meta ivuga ko ibyinshi mu bigo byayo bishya byashyizwe ahagaragara na AI bifashisha gukonjesha amazi bifunze kandi ko uburyo bwo kwiga-gushimangira bwageze ku bigo bikonjesha ikirere mu matsinda yabyo, ariko ntibigaragaza umubare w’ibikoresho bikubiyemo cyangwa niba sisitemu ikora ubudahwema. Uru ruganda ruvuga kandi ko ibicurane bishobora kumara imyaka icumi, ibyateganijwe bishobora guterwa no kubungabunga, kugenzura umwanda, gushushanya ibikoresho ndetse n’imikorere ikorerwa aho isoko itabiganiraho.
Ikizamini cyagutse ni ukumenya niba inzira yimuka irenze Meta. Imikorere ifunze irashobora gutandukana nikirere, igishushanyo mbonera, ibyuma byubaka, iboneza rya rack hamwe nakazi kenshi. Sisitemu ifashwa nikirere irashobora kuba ingirakamaro kuri retrofits, ariko isoko ntabwo itanga igiciro cyagereranijwe, kwizerwa cyangwa amakuru yo kubungabunga. Reba ibipimo byigenga, ibimenyeshwa mumashyirahamwe ukoresheje IcePack cyangwa ibishushanyo bisa, nibimenyetso byerekana ko politiki yo gukonjesha yatojwe kwigana ikomeza kuba umutekano mugihe ibintu biguye hanze yikigereranyo. Ntibisobanutse kandi niba ejo hazaza, ibyuma byinshi bya AI bifite ingufu bizigama inyungu zivugwa cyangwa bizatanga ibisabwa bishya.