Byagenze bite
Icapiro rya arXiv ryanditswe na Ricardo Fitas ritegura imibare yo kwemeza sisitemu ya AI itanga ubundi buryo kandi igatanga ibisubizo byatoranijwe. Igisubizo cyacyo nyamukuru kireba iid nziza-ya-N ishakisha, aho sisitemu yerekana N ubundi buryo igahitamo urwego rwo hejuru. Urupapuro rukura urwego nyarwo rushoboka rwo kwizerwa rushobora kuguma nyuma yo kwizerwa gusa kubushakashatsi buto.
Urupapuro rwerekana uburyo bwihariye ariko bugenda bufite akamaro AI-kwemeza: sisitemu ya AI itanga ubundi buryo, igasuzuma ibimenyetso, kandi igatanga umusaruro watoranijwe. Umwanditsi avuga ko kwemeza ari intego-bifitanye isano, bivuze ko ibimenyetso bishyigikira koherezwa gusa ku cyerekezo cyasuzumwe n’ibikorwa byatanze. Urupapuro rugaragaza kwemeza no kohereza amategeko nkintangiriro hejuru yizewe, hanyuma ikiga geometrie yumwanya ayo mategeko akubiyemo. Ibi bituma itandukaniro riri hagati yo gupimwa hamwe nubuyobozi bushya bwo gusuzuma.
Kubushakashatsi bwa iid bwiza-N, impapuro zifata urutonde rwa scalar, amasano ateganijwe, guhitamo ntarengwa, guhuza ukuri kwombi, n'umubano uhamye hagati yukuri nukuri. Munsi yibi bitekerezo, itanga ubugari budasobanutse neza nyuma yo kwitegereza ibyiza-n-kwizerwa binyuze muri n = m: B (m, N) = 1 + 2 inshuro zose kuva kuri r = 1 kugeza m ya (-1) ^ r igwizwa na cos ^ (2N) (rπ / [2 (m + 1)]). Inkomoko ivuga ko isi igarukira ku buryo bugaragara ishobora kugera ku ntera yose yavuyemo, bityo ukudashidikanya ntigusobanurwa gusa nk'urubibi rwo hejuru. Ibisobanuro byuzuye byo kwitegereza binyuze muri m nabyo bitangwa nkamakuru-ntarengwa mu kwizerwa-bivuze ubugenzuzi bugarukira kuri n≤m. Igipimo cyo kuyobora cyagaragajwe nimpapuro ni m² / N. Iyo m ihwanye na kare ya mizi ya N, ibidasobanutse bisigaye ni 0.83, ukurikije abstract. Kugabanya ibidasobanutse mubugari bwa ε bisaba m kumurongo wa kare ya mizi ya N inshuro log (1 / ε).
Uru rupapuro ruvuga kandi imipaka imwe igereranijwe kandi igereranya L / m² idasobanutse neza ihujwe na Lipschitz. Igice cyacyo gifatika gikoresha ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwibitekerezo no guhitamo kode kugirango yubake indangagaciro zoherejwe hamwe no gutandukana kwinshi. Inkomoko ivuga ko itegeko ryo kugenzura amanota-umurizo ryahagaritswe ku mirimo 82 yo kuvumbura yagabanije cyane amakosa yafashwe, ariko iranga iryo sesengura nk’ikigereranyo aho kuba ingamba ziteganijwe.
Ibisobanuro birambuye: arxiv.org ↗
Impamvu ari ngombwa
Urupapuro nyamukuru rusabwa ni uko ibizamini bisubirwamo bidahagije mugihe basuzumye icyerekezo kimwe gusa. Kwigana birashobora kugabanya urusaku rwicyitegererezo, ariko ubwoko bushya bwibikorwa cyangwa ibikorwa byigenga birashobora gukenerwa kugirango hamenyekane ahantu hatabona. Kubipimo bya AI hamwe nubugenzuzi bwumutekano, ibi biratanga impamvu yemewe yo gutandukanya ubwishingizi nukuri aho gufata umubare munini wibizamini nkibimenyesha isi yose.
Urupapuro rutanga ibisobanuro nyabyo byerekana impamvu amanota menshi kurwego rusanzwe ashobora kunanirwa kwemeza imikorere mugihe sisitemu yoherejwe ihinduye uburyo butandukanye itanga cyangwa uburyo ihitamo muri bo. Kugerageza ubwoko bumwe bwimirimo inshuro nyinshi birashobora kongera ikizere mubipimo byapimwe, ariko birashobora gusiga gushidikanya kubice byubuso bwizerwa ikizamini kitigera kigera. Muri terminologiya yimpapuro, kwigana bigabanya urusaku rwicyitegererezo mugihe icyerekezo gishya cyo gutabara kigabanya ubuhumyi bwimiterere. Iri tandukaniro rifitanye isano na sisitemu ishakisha ibisubizo byinshi byabakandida ibisubizo, gahunda, guhindura code, cyangwa ibikorwa mbere yo guhitamo kimwe.
Kubatezimbere b'icyitegererezo n'abasesengura, itegeko ryateganijwe-amarembo abiri niyo nzira ifatika mu isoko. Icya mbere, ubugenzuzi bugomba gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza: bugomba kugerageza icyerekezo gifite akamaro kubyoherejwe, aho gusubiramo gusa umuryango muto wimirimo. Icya kabiri, imirimo yigenga irashobora kongerwaho kugirango tunonosore neza igihe ubwishingizi bumaze gushingwa. Ikadiri yerekana igishushanyo mbonera nkikibazo cyo guhagararirwa nubunini bwikitegererezo. Iratuburira kandi gusobanura ibigeragezo byinyongera nkigisubizo cyuzuye kubibazo bidashidikanywaho biterwa no guhitamo cyangwa gushakisha.
Ibisubizo ntabwo byerekana ko moderi yihariye ya AI idafite umutekano, itizewe, cyangwa yiteguye koherezwa. Nisesengura ryimibare yubushakashatsi bwasobanuwe no kwemeza, byunganirwa ningero zisubira inyuma. Inkomoko ntisobanura raporo yoherejwe, isuzuma ryamavuriro cyangwa urwego rwa leta, kugereranya nicyitegererezo cyubucuruzi, cyangwa isuzuma ryigenga ryisesengura ryimirimo 82. Agaciro rusange rero kari muburyo buteganijwe bwo gutekereza kubijyanye no gutanga ibyemezo no kugenzura, ntabwo biri mubikorwa byiterambere bya sisitemu nyayo.
Uburyo bukoreshwa: Uburyo bukora
Shakisha ikoranabuhanga ryihishe inyuma yiri terambere.
Which component of an AI application is the machine-learning model itself?
Ibyo kureba
Akazi ni progaramu imwe ya arXiv, kandi inkomoko ntabwo ishyiraho urungano rusubiramo, kwigana byigenga, cyangwa kwakirwa mubikorwa. Ingwate zayo zikomeye zikurikizwa kuri iid nziza-ya-N igenamigambi no ku bizwi cyangwa byigenga byagereranijwe byemewe. Ibindi bikorwa byakenerwa kugerageza amategeko yubugenzuzi buteganijwe, gusuzuma sisitemu itari iid, no kumenya uburyo ibizamini byateganijwe byoherezwa mubikorwa nyabyo.
Ikibazo cyubushakashatsi bwihuse ni ukumenya niba abandi bashakashatsi bashobora kubyara imipaka nisi yubatswe ku isi, kugenzura kode yatanzwe hamwe namakuru yatunganijwe, no kugerageza ibitekerezo bivuguruza ubundi buryo bwo gushakisha ibyiza-N. Inkomoko ivuga ko code hamwe namakuru yatunganijwe arahari, ariko inyandiko yatanzwe ntabwo igaragaza ububiko cyangwa ngo isobanure ibikoresho birambuye. Urungano rwo gusuzuma imiterere no kwigana byigenga nabyo ntabwo byashizweho ninkomoko. Iri genzura rifite akamaro kuko imyanzuro yimpapuro ishingiye kubitekerezo byayo nibisobanuro.
Ikibazo cya kabiri nuburyo urwego rwitwara hanze iid gushakisha. Urupapuro rugabanya byimazeyo geometrike isaba intoki zizwi cyangwa zigenga zigereranijwe. Sisitemu nyayo ya AI irashobora kubyara ubundi buryo bufitanye isano, guhindura imyitwarire yabo murwego rwimirimo, gukoresha gushakisha imiterere, cyangwa gukorana nibikoresho nibidukikije. Inkomoko ntisobanura ko ibipimo byavuzwe bidasobanutse cyangwa itegeko ry-amarembo abiri bitwara idahindutse kuri iyo miterere. Isuzuma ryateganijwe ryaba rikenewe kugirango hamenyekane niba ibizamini-bikwirakwizwa bishobora gutegurwa neza mbere yo koherezwa kandi niba bihanura kunanirwa kubikorwa bishya.
Hanyuma, abasesengura barashobora gushakisha uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura bukoresha itandukaniro riri hagati yo gukwirakwiza no kumenya neza. Inkomoko ntisobanura urutonde rusange rwimirimo yigenga, urwego rusabwa kugirango rwuzuzwe, cyangwa itegeko ryo kohereza imiryango. Inyigisho z'ejo hazaza zishobora kugereranya ibizamini bisubirwamo hamwe nubushake butandukanye, gupima ikiguzi cya buri buryo, no gutanga raporo uburyo uburyo bwateganijwe buhindura umwanzuro woherejwe. Kugeza icyo gihe, impapuro zifatwa neza nkintererano yemewe yo kwemeza AI hamwe nihame rishobora kugenzurwa, ntabwo ari igipimo cyemeza.