Byagenze bite
Itsinda ryabashakashatsi batandatu batanga ibimenyetso byongeweho, zero-shoti yo gukoresha imiterere nini yindimi kugirango bamenye ibintu bidasanzwe mumibare yuruhererekane. Uburyo bubika indorerezi, ibihe-byateganijwe kandi ikongeramo ibimenyetso-byerekana ibimenyetso bibarwa hamwe na Byihuta byihuta, cyangwa FFT.
Uru rupapuro, rwashyikirijwe arXiv ku ya 25 Kanama, rugaragaza urwego rwo kwerekana zeru-zeru-urukurikirane rwa anomaly hamwe nururimi runini. Icyifuzo cyacyo nyamukuru ni uko ibihe-bikurikirana bidasanzwe bitagarukira gusa ku gutandukana kwitaruye. Barashobora kandi gushiramo impinduka muburyo bwisubiramo bwigihe gito, harimo guhinduka mugihe cyigihe cyangwa ihindagurika ryimiterere. Abanditsi bavuga ko uburyo bwa LLM buriho bushyira ahagaragara cyane cyane ibimenyetso byerekana igihe cyagenwe binyuze mu ndangagaciro zerekanwe, ibibanza, cyangwa ibihe byerekana ibihe, hasigara imiterere ya frequence itagaragara aho guhagararirwa ku buryo butaziguye.
Urwego rwateganijwe rwongeramo compact frequency-domain ibimenyetso bibarwa hamwe na Byihuta Byihuta, cyangwa FFT. Inkomoko isobanura imyanzuro ibiri yubuhamya. Ibimenyetso bya global frequency-domaine byerekana incamake yibihe bikurikirana mugihe cyose, mugihe ibimenyetso byaho-byibanze bigamije gufata ibyerekezo byerekanwe mubice bimwe byurukurikirane. Uburyo rero burahuza amakuru yongeweho amakuru hamwe na index-na-ibihe-byigihe-indorerezi aho gusimbuza ibyo byinjira.
Inkomoko ntabwo isobanura imiterere yuzuye yihuse, itunganywa ryambere, inzira ntarengwa, cyangwa ibisobanuro birambuye mubikorwa byatanzwe. Abashakashatsi batangaza ubushakashatsi bakoresheje sisitemu enye zerekana urugero: InternVL2-LLaMA3-76B, Qwen2.5-VL-72B-Amabwiriza, Gemini-2.5-Flash, na GPT-4o. Baratanga raporo kandi yisuzumabumenyi kuri TSB-AD-U hanyuma bakavuga ko ibimenyetso byerekana inshuro nyinshi-indangarugero biteza imbere LLM ishingiye ku bihe-bikurikirana anomaly-detection. Inkomoko irerekana ibi nkibisubizo byubushakashatsi bivuye kubanditsi b'impapuro. Ntabwo itanga ingano yumubare witerambere, ibipimo byibanze byibanze, kugereranya muri sisitemu enye, cyangwa umusanzu nyawo wisi yose hamwe nibimenyetso byaho byaho.
Akazi nigishushanyo mbonera aho kuba ibicuruzwa byasohotse cyangwa byoherejwe. Rishyiraho ko abanditsi batanze kandi bagasuzuma ingamba zo guhagararirwa, ariko isoko yatanzwe ntabwo ishyiraho kwigana kwigenga, gusubiramo urungano, kuboneka kwumusaruro, cyangwa imikorere mubidukikije bikurikirana. Iri tandukaniro rifite akamaro kuko ivugururwa ryakozwe mu isuzuma ry’ubushakashatsi ntabwo ryonyine ryerekana ko uburyo bwizewe ku byemezo bihungabanya umutekano, imari, inganda, cyangwa ibikorwa remezo.
Ibisobanuro birambuye: arxiv.org ↗
Impamvu ari ngombwa
Akazi gakemura imbogamizi muburyo busanzwe bwa LLM bushingiye ku buryo budasanzwe: uburyo bwisubiramo nko guhinduranya ibihe cyangwa guhindagurika kwaho ntibishobora kugaragara bivuye ku ndangagaciro cyangwa ibibanza byonyine. Gukora ibintu byerekana neza bishobora gufasha abanyamideli kumenya ibintu bidasanzwe mugihe aho kuba kumwanya umwe.
Akamaro gafatika k'icyifuzo kava muburyo bwa anomaly igamije. Agaciro kamwe kadasanzwe karashobora kugaragara kuva mugihe cyagenwe, ariko impinduka mumyitwarire yigihe irashobora gukwirakwizwa mubireba byinshi. Ikimenyetso kirashobora kuguma murwego rusanzwe mugihe igihe cyacyo, gisubiramo, cyangwa imyitwarire ihindagurika yaho. Uburyo bw'impapuro bwateguwe kugirango bugaragaze iyo mitungo muburyo LLM ishobora gukoresha, birashoboka kwagura ubwoko bwibitagenda neza byigihe gito sisitemu-zeru ishobora gusuzuma. Icyifuzo kiragaragaza kandi ikibazo kinini mugukoresha imiterere yururimi kumibare itari ururimi: imikorere yicyitegererezo ntabwo iterwa nicyitegererezo gusa ahubwo nuburyo ibimenyetso bihagarariwe. Abashakashatsi ntibavuga ko LLMs isanzwe yumva imiterere yimiterere. Ahubwo, urwego rutuma iyo miterere igaragara binyuze mubimenyetso bifatika biva murukurikirane. Niba raporo yatangajwe yungutse, ibi birashobora gutanga inzira rusange yo kongera modimodal cyangwa inyandiko-yerekanwe mugihe basabwe gutekereza kubijyanye namakuru yigihe gito nta myitozo yihariye. Igikorwa cya zeru gishobora kuba ingirakamaro aho byanditseho ibintu bidasanzwe ari bike, bihenze, cyangwa bigoye kubisobanura mbere. Mugihe nk'iki, uburyo bwuzuza indorerezi zisanzwe hamwe nincamake yisi yose hamwe n’ibanze bishobora gufasha abasesengura gukora ibimenyetso bitamenyerewe.
Inkomoko, ariko, ntabwo yerekana ko urwego rukuraho ibikenewe kuri labels, isubiramo ryabantu, indangarubuga yihariye, cyangwa kalibrasi. Ntabwo ishyiraho kandi ko inzira isobanutse neza, ihendutse, yihuta, cyangwa yoroshye gukora kuruta ibihe byihariye-bikurikirana. Igisubizo rero kigomba gusomwa nkintambwe yibanze muburyo bwa tekiniki muburyo ibimenyetso bitangwa kuri LLM ishingiye kuri anomaly detector, ntabwo arikimenyetso cyerekana ko LLM yiteguye gusimbuza sisitemu zashyizweho.
Impapuro rusange agaciro gakomeye nkicyerekezo cyageragejwe cyubushakashatsi: gitanga amahitamo ahamye abandi bashakashatsi bashobora kubyara no kugereranya. Ubusobanuro bwacyo amaherezo bizaterwa no kumenya niba inyungu zirokoka impinduka zamakuru, ibisobanuro bidasanzwe, imiryango yintangarugero, hamwe nibikorwa byisi.
Uburyo bukoreshwa: Uburyo bukora
Shakisha ikoranabuhanga ryihishe inyuma yiri terambere.
Which component of an AI application is the machine-learning model itself?
Ibyo kureba
Uru rupapuro ruvuga ko rwateye imbere hejuru y’ibanze bya LLM, ariko ibisobanuro byayo ntabwo bitanga ingano yingaruka, igipimo cyamakosa, ibizamini by’ibarurishamibare, cyangwa ibisobanuro bikenewe kugira ngo harebwe uburyo ubwo buryo bukoreshwa. Gukurikirana akazi bigomba kugerageza uburyo hafi yamakuru menshi, ubwoko budasanzwe, imiterere, hamwe nibikorwa.
Igenzura ryambere ryibanze ni ibisobanuro birambuye. Inkomoko ivuga ko ibimenyetso bya frequence-domaine bitezimbere ibyingenzi, ariko ibivugwa ntibivuga uko bingana, kubipimo, cyangwa ugereranije nibyo byinjijwe neza. Basomyi bagomba gushakisha imbonerahamwe yuzuye yo gusuzuma, intera yicyizere cyangwa ibindi bigereranyo bidashidikanywaho, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwo gukuraho butandukanya indorerezi zerekanwe, ibyinjijwe mu bihe byashize, ibimenyetso byerekana inshuro nyinshi ku isi, hamwe n’ibimenyetso byaho.
Ikibazo cya kabiri ni rusange. Sisitemu yatangajwe ikubiyemo sisitemu yo kureba-ururimi hamwe na sisitemu-ishingiye kuri sisitemu, ariko inkomoko ntisobanura niba guhagararirwa kimwe bikora buri gihe. Ibindi bizamini bigomba gusuzuma uburebure butandukanye, igipimo cyikitegererezo, urwego rwurusaku, ibihe byigihe, ibimenyetso bitamenyerewe, nubwoko budasanzwe. Ibisubizo ku izina rya TSB-AD-U ntibishobora guhanura imikorere ku zindi mibare cyangwa ku migezi yakusanyirijwe mu bidukikije.
Ikibazo cya gatatu ni imyitwarire yo gutsindwa. Ibimenyetso bishingiye ku nshuro birashobora kuba byoroshye guhinduranya, gutoranya, kubura indangagaciro, gukuraho inzira, no guhitamo igice cyaho. Inkomoko yatanzwe ntabwo ivuga uburyo urwego rukemura ibyo bintu, niba rushobora gutandukanya ibintu bidasanzwe nimpinduka zisanzwe zubutegetsi, cyangwa inshuro nyinshi zitanga ibyiza. Ibyo bibazo nibyingenzi cyane mugihe imenyesha ritera ubugenzuzi buhenze cyangwa ibyemezo bireba abantu nibikorwa remezo.
Hanyuma, gukurikirana imirimo bigomba gusobanura imyororokere nigiciro gifatika. Urupapuro rukoresha amazina menshi yicyitegererezo, ariko isoko ntisobanura niba code, ibisobanuro, amakuru yatunganijwe, cyangwa inzira zuzuye zo gusuzuma zirahari. Ntabwo kandi itanga ibiciro byerekana, ubukererwe, cyangwa ingano yubugenzuzi bwabantu busabwa. Kugeza ubwo ibyo bitazwi bikemuwe, umwanzuro urinzwe cyane ni uko integuro yerekana uburyo butanga uburyo bwo guhagararira inyungu zifite akamaro kanini zikomeje gushirwaho.