Byagenze bite
Ku wa gatatu, Senateri wigenga Bernie Sanders (Vt.) Na Greg Casar uhagarariye (D-Texas) bashyizeho umushinga w'itegeko ribuza kugenzura ibikorwa by'ubutasi no guhagarika iterambere rya AI. Iri tegeko risaba ko hashyirwaho ishami rishya ry’urwego rw’abaminisitiri rishinzwe iperereza ry’ubukorikori kugira ngo rishyireho umutekano mbere yuko iterambere risubukurwa. Icyarimwe, Abasenateri Elizabeth Warren, Chuck Schumer, Andy Kim, na Elissa Slotkin bateje imbere uburyo bwihariye bwo kugenzura bwibanze ku kugabanya ubushobozi bwa AI bw’amahanga, basaba cyane cyane ubuyobozi gukomeza kugenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ku bikoresho bigezweho ndetse n’ibikoresho bikora chip kugira ngo Ubushinwa budafunga icyuho cy’ikoranabuhanga. Uhagarariye Ro Khanna kandi yatumije iburanisha risaba amasezerano y’Amerika n'Ubushinwa kwihutisha iterambere rya AI. Ibi bikorwa byabaye nyuma y’ibiganiro biri imbere hagati ya Perezida Trump na Perezida w’Ubushinwa Xi Jinping, aho biteganijwe ko AI izibandwaho.
Ku wa gatatu, Senateri wigenga Bernie Sanders hamwe n’uhagarariye Greg Casar bashyizeho amategeko abuza kugenzura ubwenge no guhagarika iterambere ry’iterambere rya AI. Uyu mushinga w'itegeko utegeka ko hashyirwaho Ishami rishya rishinzwe Inzego z'Ubutasi ku rwego rw'Inama ishinzwe gushyiraho izamu mbere yuko iterambere rikomeza. Sanders yahamagaye abanyamakuru ko ahitamo kwitwa iterabwoba ngo 'asinzire ku ruziga,' mu gihe Casar we yavuze ko guhagarika iterambere riteye akaga muri Amerika bizanadindiza iterambere mu Bushinwa, avuga ko gari ya moshi zituruka ku Banyamerika.
Mu mbaraga zisa, Abasenateri Elizabeth Warren, Chuck Schumer, Andy Kim, na Elissa Slotkin bateje imbere ubundi buryo bwo kugenzura bwibanze ku marushanwa mpuzamahanga. Schumer yasabye Perezida Trump gukomeza umurongo ukomeye ku kugenzura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, cyane cyane abuza Ubushinwa kubona ibikoresho bigezweho ndetse n'ibikoresho byo gukora chip. Yashimangiye ko guhamagarira guhagarika ubushakashatsi bwa AI no gushaka gutsinda irushanwa rya AI bitavuguruzanya. Ubu buryo bwibanda kumurongo wo gutanga ibikoresho kuruta inzira ya software ubwayo.
Uhagarariye Ro Khanna, undi muntu uharanira demokarasi ugenda utera imbere, yateranye ku wa gatatu kugira ngo asabe amasezerano y’Amerika n'Ubushinwa kwihutisha iterambere rya AI. Ibi byongeyeho politiki ya gatatu itandukanye impaka zikomeje. Igihe cy’izi nteko ishinga amategeko n’ububanyi n’ububanyi n’ibihugu bihurirana n’inama ziteganijwe hagati ya Perezida Trump na Perezida w’Ubushinwa Xi Jinping, aho biteganijwe ko AI izaba ingingo nkuru mu gihe ibihugu biganira ku gucunga ingaruka zisangiwe.
Inkomoko ivuga ko nta jwi ryumvikana riyobora mu ishyaka rya demokarasi ku bijyanye n’amabwiriza ya AI. Mugihe hari amasezerano avuga ko ibikorwa bikenewe, uburyo bwihariye buratandukanye cyane. Warren yashyigikiye ihagarikwa rya AI igezweho ariko ntabwo yemeje ko burundu superintelligence. Uwahoze ari umuyobozi wa Chicago, Rahm Emanuel, ushobora guhatanira 2028, yabajije akamaro ko kuruhuka nta gahunda ikurikiraho. Uku gutandukana kwimbere kwerekana ko ibyavuye muri politiki yanyuma bishobora kuba ubwumvikane cyangwa ibice bitandukanijwe.
Ibisobanuro birambuye: axios.com ↗
Impamvu ari ngombwa
Iki gikorwa cyamategeko kigaragaza ubwiyongere bukomeye mubisubizo bya politiki muri Amerika kubibazo bya AI, biva mubiganiro bidafatika bijya mubyifuzo byemewe n'amategeko. Ishyirwaho ry'umushinga w'itegeko ribuza superintelligence no guhagarika iterambere ryerekana ihinduka rigaragara mu miterere agenga amategeko, bikaba byagira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'ubushakashatsi no kohereza ku masosiyete akomeye ya AI. Gutandukana mu ngamba hagati y’abayobozi ba demokarasi - guhera ku karuhuko k’imbere mu gihugu kugeza kugenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga - byerekana ko bigoye kuyobora ikoranabuhanga rigenda rigaragara. Izi ntambwe zishobora kugira ingaruka hagati y’Ugushyingo kandi bigashyiraho urwego rwo kugenzura ubugari bwagutse bwa federasiyo, hamwe n’ishami rishya rya AI ryerekana ko hashobora kubaho impinduka zishingiye ku miterere y’uko guverinoma y’Amerika icunga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga n'umutekano.
Gushiraho amategeko yihariye yo kubuza kugenzura no guhagarika iterambere ni intambwe ifatika ituma politiki ya AI iva mu biganiro nyunguranabitekerezo ikajya mu nzego zemewe n'amategeko. Iramutse ishyizweho, ihagarara nkiryo ryagira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ubushakashatsi no kohereza igihe cya laboratoire zikomeye za AI, birashobora guhindura imiterere ihiganwa hagati y’ibigo by’Amerika n’Ubushinwa.
Icyifuzo cyo gushyiraho ishami ry’inama y’abaminisitiri ishami rishinzwe iperereza ry’ubukorikori ryerekana ko hashobora kuvugururwa bikomeye uburyo guverinoma y’Amerika ikoresha ikoranabuhanga. Ibi bizashyira ingufu mu kugenzura AI mu buryo butakozwe mbere, bikaba byaha guverinoma imbaraga zikomeye zo kugena ibipimo by’umutekano n’ibyingenzi by’iterambere.
Gusunikira icyarimwe kugenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bikabije byerekana imiterere ibiri y’ingamba z’Amerika: gucunga ingaruka z’imbere mu gihugu hagamijwe gukomeza ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa. Ubu buryo butandukanijwe bugaragaza ubushyamirane buri hagati y’umutekano n’umutekano w’igihugu, ibyo bikaba bishoboka ko bizasobanura ibidukikije mu myaka mike iri imbere.
Izi ntambwe zishinga amategeko nazo zifite akamaro muri politiki, kuko AI igenda iba ikibazo cyingenzi hagati yigihe gitaha. Imyanya yafashwe n’abademokarate bakomeye ishobora kugira ingaruka ku myumvire y’abatora no guhindura urubuga rw’ishyaka mu matora ari imbere, bikaba bishobora gutuma hashyirwaho ingamba zikomeye z’ubugizi bwa nabi cyangwa izigamye bitewe n’ibyavuye mu matora.
Uburyo bukoreshwa: Uburyo bukora
Shakisha ikoranabuhanga ryihishe inyuma yiri terambere.
crm_get_transaction(id='4092').Impossibility results in algorithmic fairness (e.g. Kleinberg et al., Chouldechova) show what?
Ibyo kureba
Gukurikirana iterambere ry’amategeko y’umushinga wa Sanders-Casar hamwe n’ingamba zo kugenzura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga Warren-Schumer muri Kongere. Reba ibyavuye mu biganiro bya Trump-Xi bijyanye n'ubufatanye bwa AI cyangwa amarushanwa. Reba niba abandi bagize Kongere bafatanya gutera inkunga imishinga y'amategeko cyangwa bagashyiraho uburyo bwo guhatana. Kurikirana uko inganda za AI zifata ihagarikwa ryateganijwe no gushyiraho ishami rishya ry’abaminisitiri.
Kurikirana umubare w'abaterankunga ku mushinga w'itegeko rya Sanders-Casar hamwe n'amategeko agenga ibyoherezwa mu mahanga Warren-Schumer. Urwego rwo gushyigikira impande zombi ruzaba ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyerekana ko iyi mishinga y'amategeko yatorwa.
Kurikirana ibyavuye mu biganiro bya Trump-Xi, cyane cyane amasezerano cyangwa ibyo mutumvikanaho bijyanye n'iterambere rya AI, kugenzura ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, ndetse n'umutekano mpuzamahanga. Ibyavuye muri dipolomasi bishobora kugira uruhare rutaziguye mu gushyiraho amategeko muri Kongere.
Itegereze uko inganda za AI zifata, harimo n’amasosiyete akomeye y’ikoranabuhanga na laboratoire ya AI, ku kiruhuko giteganijwe no gushyiraho ishami rishya. Ingamba zo guharanira inganda zishobora guhindura ururimi rwa nyuma rw'amategeko yose yashyizweho.
Reba andi magambo yatangajwe n’abandi bayobozi ba demokarasi, cyane cyane abashobora guhatanira umwanya wa 2028 ba perezida, mu gihe basobanura imyanya yabo ku bijyanye n’amabwiriza ya AI. Ibi bizafasha kumenya ubumwe bwimbere bwishyaka kuri iki kibazo.