Perplexity iyo Kediska Qiyaasaha Luuqadda

Jawaabaha iyo sharraxaadaha waxay soo baxayaan markaad qaadanayso kediska.

1. Under the same autoregressive text-scoring setup, what does lower perplexity indicate?
   • Lower average negative log-likelihood for the reference tokens
   • A guarantee of more factually correct generated answers
   • A guarantee of a larger parameter count
   • A requirement that every top-choice prediction be correct
2. Using natural-log negative log-likelihood, how is autoregressive perplexity computed from its average?
   • By multiplying the parameter count by the context length
   • By subtracting the average from the number of attention heads
   • By taking the average learning rate
   • By exponentiating the average negative log-likelihood
3. Qaabku waxa uu ku meeleeyaa ixtimaalka isku midka ah ee 10,000-erey oo eray ah oo aan waxba baran. Waa maxay wareerkeeda?
   • 1
   • 10,000
   • 0
   • 100
4. Why do tokenizer and corpus settings matter when directly comparing per-token perplexity values?
   • Perplexity ignores every scored reference token
   • All corpora necessarily produce the same likelihood
   • They change the units or reference data over which probabilities are averaged
   • Only model parameter count determines the score
5. Which translation-reference metric uses modified n-gram precision and a brevity penalty?
   • Perplexity
   • Ciladda pixel-ka ee dhexdhexaadka ah
   • Qiyaasta moodeelka
   • BLEU
6. Waa maxay xaddidaadda muhiimka ah ee ku riixaysa cilmi-baarayaasha ka baxsan jahwareerka si ay u qiimeeyaan tayada dhabta ah ee adduunka?
   • Perplexity waxay cabbirtaa saadaalinta kelmad soo socota, ma aha in wax-soo-saarku faa'iido, run, ama waxtar leedahay.
   • Perplexity aad bay qaali u tahay in la xisaabiyo
   • Perplexity laguma xisaabin karo xogta qoraalka
   • Perplexity kaliya waxay shaqeysaa inta lagu guda jiro wax barasho, ma aha tababar
7. When scoring a long text with a fixed-context model, what can a sliding-window procedure provide that disjoint chunks lose near boundaries?
   • A new vocabulary learned automatically at every boundary
   • A guarantee that generated answers are factually correct
   • More preceding context for the scored target tokens
   • A requirement to count each overlapping target repeatedly
8. Why is conventional left-to-right perplexity not directly the same score for a BERT-style masked language model?
   • BERT has no learned parameters
   • The masked model does not directly define the same autoregressive sequence factorization
   • Every masked-token probability is necessarily zero
   • Perplexity is defined only for image pixels