Hanyoyin Sadarwar Jiha na Echo da Kwamfuta na Tafki
Ƙididdigar tafki hanya ce mai wayo don horar da cibiyoyin sadarwa na yau da kullun: bar babban, bazuwar haɗin 'tafki' na neurons gyarawa kuma kawai horar da layin fitarwa mai sauƙi.
Dubawa
Echo State Networks are the best-known example, making sequence learning fast and cheap.
Zurfafa nutsewa
Echo State Networks (ESNs), wanda Herbert Jaeger ya gabatar a kusa da 2001, da kuma na'urorin Liquid State Machines na Wolfgang Maass sun samar da iyali da ake kira lissafin tafki. Manufar: ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun hanyoyin sadarwa na yau da kullun, ba da gangan ba suna aiwatar da jerin shigarwa cikin yanayi mai ƙarfi mai girma. Saboda ba a taɓa horar da ma'aunin nauyi mai maimaitawa ba, kuna guje wa jinkirin, rashin kwanciyar hankali-zuwa-lokaci da ake amfani da su don RNNs da LSTMs. Ma'aunin ma'aunin karantawa kawai daga tafki zuwa fitarwa ake koya, yawanci ta hanyar koma bayan layi mai sauƙi, wanda yake da sauri kuma mai rikitarwa. Tafki dole ne ya gamsar da 'dukar jihar echo': ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar abubuwan da ta gabata tana raguwa a hankali, yana tabbatar da cewa jihar ta dogara da tarihin kwanan nan maimakon yanayin farko. ESNs sun yi fice a kan hasashen-jerin lokaci da ƙirar siginar hargitsi.
Fahimtar Fasaha
Kwanciyar hankali yana rataye akan radius na gani (mafi girman cikakkar darajar eigenvalue) na matrix nauyin maimaita tafki, yawanci ana auna shi ƙasa da 1.0. Wannan yana kiyaye hanyar sadarwa a 'baƙin hargitsi': wadata, daɗaɗɗen rayuwa mai tsayi ba tare da ra'ayin guduwa ba. Horowa yana raguwa don magance matsala mafi ƙarancin murabba'i mai layi (sau da yawa tare da daidaita ƙa'idodi) taswirar taswirar taswirar jihohin zuwa maƙasudi, don haka babu wani saukowa kan ma'aunin nauyi mai maimaitawa kuma babu matsala mai ɓacewa.
Dabarun Tasiri
Kudin da kasafin kuɗi
Hukunce-hukuncen gine-gine suna haifar da aiki da tsadar aiki na shekaru.
Shawarwari masu haske
Ilimin fasaha yana taimaka wa ƙungiyoyi su zaɓi tari mai kyau, ba kawai sabon abu ba.
Kula da inganci
Zaɓuɓɓukan injiniya mafi kyau suna rage abin dogaro a cikin samarwa.
Makomar Hanyoyin Sadarwar Jihohin Echo da Kwamfuta na Tafki
Ƙididdigar tafki yana samun karɓuwa a cikin kayan aikin jiki da na neuromorphic, inda tafki zai iya zama tsarin analog, da'irar photonic, tsararrun memristor, ko ma guga na ruwa, yana cin gajiyar haɓakar yanayi don ƙididdige ƙarancin ƙarfi. Spiking da photonic reservoirs sun yi alƙawarin ƙwazo mai sauri don bayanan firikwensin. Yayin da zurfin ilmantarwa ya mamaye manyan ayyuka, hanyoyin tafki suna da kyau inda bayanai ba su da yawa, latency da kasafin kuɗi masu ƙarfi, ko kuma akwai kayan aikin da ba na al'ada ba.
Aiwatar da Gaskiyar Duniya
Hasashen tsarin hargitsi mai ƙarfi kamar jerin Mackey-Glass ko mai jan hankali Lorenz tare da daidaito mai tsayi.
Hasashen ɗan gajeren lokaci na nauyin wutar lantarki, siginar hannun jari, ko jerin lokuta masu alaƙa da yanayi.
Gane magana da sautin waya ta amfani da Injin Jihar Liquid azaman tafki-neuron.
Photonic ko memristor na tushen tafki na kayan aikin da ke yin rarrabuwar sigina mai ƙarancin ƙarfi a gefen firikwensin.
Hatsari & Tsare-tsare
Haɓaka ma'auni ɗaya na iya ɓoye manyan raunin tsarin.
Sau da yawa ana raina kayan more rayuwa da kuma kuɗin kulawa.
Tsaro da gibin lura na iya girma yayin da tsarin ke ƙara haɓaka.
Taswirar Hanya
Ƙayyade latency, inganci, da maƙasudin farashi kafin aiwatarwa.
Alamar ma'auni a ƙarƙashin ainihin kaya da yanayin bayanai.
Kula da kayan aiki don kurakurai, ɗigo, da tasirin mai amfani.
Shirya bijirowa da hanyoyin mayar da martani kafin sikeli.
Ci gaba da Bincike
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Jagora na gaba
Hanyoyin Sadarwar Babbar Hanya da Tsallake Haɗin
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
What is Echo State Networks and Reservoir Computing?
Ƙididdigar tafki hanya ce mai wayo don horar da cibiyoyin sadarwa na yau da kullun: bar babban, bazuwar haɗin 'tafki' na neurons gyarawa kuma kawai horar da layin fitarwa mai sauƙi. Echo State Networks sune mafi sanannun misali, yin jerin koyo cikin sauri da arha.
A cikin hanyar sadarwa ta Jihar Echo, wadanne ma'aunin nauyi ne a zahiri aka horar da su?
Ma'aunin nauyi na cikin tafki mai maimaitawa yana tsayawa ba da gangan ba; kawai karatun layi na layi daga tafki zuwa fitarwa ana horar da su, yawanci ta hanyar koma bayan murabba'i kadan.
Menene 'dukiyar jihar echo' wadda dole ne tafki ya gamsar da ita?
Kaddarorin jihar echo na buƙatar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar tafki na abubuwan da aka shigar a baya da na farko ya wanke kan lokaci, don haka jihar ta nuna tarihin kwanan nan.
Me yasa horar da ESN yayi sauri fiye da horar da ma'auni na LSTM?
Saboda an daidaita ma'aunin ma'auni mai maimaitawa, horarwa yana raguwa zuwa sauri, juzu'in juzu'i na layi maimakon jinkirin, jujjuyawar baya-ta-lokaci.
Wace dukiya ta matrix nauyi na tafki aka saurara don ci gaba da kwanciyar hankali amma mai wadata?
Saita radius na bakan (mafi girman girman eigenvalue) kadan ƙasa da 1 yana kiyaye tafki kusa da 'gefen hargitsi' tare da fashewar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai amfani.
Injin Jiha Liquid, nau'in kwamfuta na tafki-neuron, waye ya gabatar da shi?
Wolfgang Maass ya gabatar da Injinan Jihar Liquid, yayin da Herbert Jaeger ya gabatar da hanyoyin sadarwa na Jihar Echo; Dukansu suna faɗuwa ƙarƙashin na'urar sarrafa tafki.