Ubuyobozi bwa tekiniki
Gini Yanduye
Gini yanduye ipima uburyo ibirango byurwego bivanze mubyemezo-biti, hamwe na zeru byerekana ko ingero zose ari iz'icyiciro kimwe.
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Incamake
CART itondekanya ikoresha kugabanya umwanda uteganijwe kugabanywa kubakandida kugirango bahitemo ibice, ariko amanota ni igipimo cyo gutandukana aho kuba igipimo cyuzuye cyubuziranenge.
Kwibira cyane
Icyemezo-igiti cyashyizwe mubikorwa bigabanya amakuru mubice. Kuri buri mukandida yatandukanijwe, igiti gikenera igipimo cyukuntu umwana yavuyemo yomeka ibirango bitandukanye. Gini umwanda kuri node ni 1 ukuyemo igiteranyo cya kwaduka icyiciro. Kubyiciro bifite ibipimo p_k, G = 1 - igiteranyo (p_k kare). Umuyoboro usukuye ufite igipimo kimwe kingana numwe nabandi bose zeru, G rero ni zeru. Muri binary node ifite ibipimo bingana 0.5 na 0.5, G ni 0.5, ntarengwa kumashuri abiri. Kuri hypothetical node ifite 8 nziza na 2 mbi, ibipimo ni 0.8 na 0.2. Kubara ni 1 - (0.64 + 0.04) = 0.32. Aya manota arashobora gusobanurwa nkibishoboka byo kutitiranya neza niba ikirango cyatanzwe mugushushanya utabishaka ukurikije icyiciro cya node, nubwo igiti cyamenyerejwe gisanzwe gihanura ibyiciro byinshi. CART isuzuma amacakubiri yatandukanijwe nuburemere buringaniye bwanduye mubana, buremereye buriwese mugabane wababyeyi. Kugabanuka k'umwanda ni umwanda w'ababyeyi ukuyemo ubu buremere bw'umwana uremereye. Rero, ubusa-busa cyangwa umwana muto cyane ntabwo ahita akora gutandukana bifite akamaro. Inzitizi zibiti nkubunini bwibabi byibuze, ubujyakuzimu no gutema nabyo bigira ingaruka kumurongo wanyuma. Gini iroroshye kubara kuko irinda logarithms, mugihe entropy ikoresha -sum (p log p) kandi irashobora gutondekanya abakandida gutandukana kimwe ariko ntabwo byanze bikunze bisa. Umwanda wa Gini ntabwo uhwanye nuburinganire bwa dataset muri rusange, birashoboka ko ibyo moderi yahanuye atari byo, cyangwa amanota yo gusuzuma ku makuru yatanzwe. Irabarwa mugace kuri node kuva ibirango bihari. Igiti kirashobora kugera kumababi yimyitozo ikura cyane kandi ikomeza kuba rusange. Suzuma icyitegererezo cyuzuye hamwe no gutandukana bikwiye, kandi ugenzure amakosa yihariye yo mucyiciro, kalibrasi aho bikenewe kandi bihamye. Ibipimo byanduye biyobora ubwubatsi; ntabwo yerekana niba ibiranga ari impamvu cyangwa guhanura bifite akamaro.
Ingaruka z'Ingamba
Igiciro na bije
Ibyemezo byubwubatsi bitwara imikorere nigiciro cyimikorere kumyaka.
Ibyemezo bisobanutse
Ubuhanga bwa tekinike bufasha amakipe guhitamo umurongo ukwiye, ntabwo ari shyashya gusa.
Kugenzura ubuziranenge
Guhitamo neza bya injeniyeri bigabanya ibintu byizewe mubikorwa.
Ejo hazaza h'umwanda wa Gini
Ibisobanuro byibiti birashobora gutuma ibipimo bitandukana bigira akamaro cyane mukwerekana ibipimo byababyeyi, ibipimo byabana hamwe nimpinduka ziremereye hamwe. Amakipe agomba kandi gusuzuma ingano yamababi hamwe namasomo yatanzwe kugirango amasomo agaragara neza ntabwo agenga imanza. Mugihe uburinganire bwibyiciro, suzuma ibyagezweho-byiciro hamwe no kugabanya umwanda. Inzira ifatika yerekana ibipimo, guhitamo gutema no kwemeza igishushanyo, hanyuma ikabisubiramo mugihe abaturage cyangwa ibirango byahindutse. Kubona neza birashobora gusobanura impamvu gutandukana byatoranijwe, ariko ibipimo bikomeza kuba igice kimwe cyo gusuzuma icyitegererezo aho kuba icyemezo cyiza.
Gushyira mu bikorwa Isi
Ipfundo ririmo imanza 8 nziza na 2 mbi. Umwanda wa Gini ni 1 - (0.8 kwaduka + 0.2 kwaduka) = 0.32, byerekana amahirwe yikimenyetso gitandukanye niba ibirango bibiri bishushanyije byigenga bivuye mubyiciro byayo.
Gutandukana hypothetique kurema umwana umwe wera numwana umwe uvanze. Umwanda w'ababyeyi ugomba kugereranywa numwanda wumwana uremerewe nurugero rwabo; umwana muto wera wenyine ntabwo ashyiraho gutandukana neza.
Itsinda rigereranya igiti ukoresheje Gini nimwe ukoresheje entropiya, hanyuma ugasuzuma ibyahanuwe. Guhitamo gutandukana ntabwo byemeza ibiti bisa cyangwa rusange.
Ipfundo rifite ibipimo 0.5 na 0.5, bitanga umwanda 0.5 muribiri. Urupapuro rufite 0.9 na 0.1 rufite umwanda 0.18 kandi rwibanze cyane.
Ingaruka & Kurinda
Gutezimbere igipimo kimwe gishobora guhisha intege nke za sisitemu.
Ibikorwa Remezo no kubungabunga akenshi usanga bidahabwa agaciro.
Icyuho cyumutekano no kwitegereza birashobora kwiyongera uko sisitemu igenda igorana.
Igishushanyo mbonera
Sobanura ubukererwe, ubuziranenge, nigiciro cyibiciro mbere yo kubishyira mubikorwa.
Ibipimo byerekana umutwaro ufatika hamwe namakuru yimiterere.
Gukurikirana ibikoresho kubikosa, drift, ningaruka zabakoresha.
Tegura inzira yo gusubiza ibyabaye mbere yo gupima.
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Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
Gini Yanduye ni iki?
Gini yanduye ipima uburyo ibirango byurwego bivanze mubyemezo-biti, hamwe na zeru byerekana ko ingero zose ari iz'icyiciro kimwe. CART itondekanya ikoresha kugabanya umwanda uteganijwe kugabanywa kubakandida kugirango bahitemo ibice, ariko amanota ni igipimo cyo gutandukana aho kuba igipimo cyuzuye cyubuziranenge.
Ikibiri kinini gifite ibyiciro 0.8 na 0.2. Umwanda wacyo ni uwuhe?
Gukuramo imwe (0.8 kwaduka wongeyeho 0.2 kwaduka) bingana na 1 - 0.68 = 0.32.
Nuwuhe gaciro usobanura umwanda muri node irimo icyiciro kimwe gusa?
Umuyoboro usukuye ufite icyiciro kimwe cyurwego rumwe, bityo rero ukuyemo igiteranyo cyimibare ingana ni zeru.
Nigute umwanda wabana ugomba guhuzwa mugihe cyo gusuzuma abakandida batandukanijwe?
Igipimo cyo gutandukana gikoresha urugero-rufite uburemere buringaniye bwumwanda.
Kugabanuka kwa Gini kugereranya niki mu kubaka ibiti?
Inyungu zo gutandukana nubuhumane bwababyeyi ukuyemo uburemere buringaniye buringaniye nyuma yo gutandukana.
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Gini na entropiya?
Byombi bipima ibyiciro bivanga kubitandukanya, ariko formula zabo numunzani uratandukanye.
Komeza wige
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