Incamake
Ububiko Bwinshi bwa Memory Memory (HBM) ni ububiko bwibitse bushyizwe kuruhande rwa GPU butanga amakuru byihuse kuruta RAM isanzwe. Nibyo bituma umuvuduko wa AI ugaburirwa, ukabuza imbaraga za compte zikomeye kwicara ubusa mugihe bategereje uburemere bwikitegererezo hamwe namakuru.
Ububiko Bwinshi Bwibuka ni tekinoroji yubaka tekinike igira ingaruka kumiterere yicyitegererezo, igiciro cyibikorwa remezo, ubukererwe, no kwizerwa kurwego.
Kwibira cyane
HBM ikemura ikibazo cyibanze: chip ya kijyambere ya AI irashobora gukora trillioni yibikorwa kumasegonda, ariko mugihe amakuru ageze vuba bihagije. Ububiko busanzwe bwa GDDR buhuza hejuru ya bisi isa naho ifunganye, mugihe HBM itondekanya DRAM nyinshi ipfa guhagarikwa kandi ikabahuza ninsinga ibihumbi nini ziciriritse ziciriritse bita binyuze muri silicon vias (TSVs). Iyi stack yicaye kuri milimetero ya silicon interposer kuva kuri GPU, itanga inzira yagutse cyane, tekereza ibihumbi nibihumbi icyarimwe aho kuba amagana. Igisubizo ni umurongo wapimwe muri terabaýt kumasegonda. Ibisekuruza byateye imbere kuva HBM2 kugeza HBM2e, HBM3, na HBM3e, buri kimwe kizamura ubushobozi n'umuvuduko. Kuri moderi nini yindimi, uburemere bugomba guhora butambuka, ubushobozi bwa HBM hamwe numuyoboro mugari akenshi bifite agaciro kuruta kubara.
Ubushishozi
HBM igera ku muvuduko wayo binyuze mu buryo bukabije aho kuba amasaha yo hejuru. Mugukurikirana DRAM ipfa no kuyihuza nibihumbi bya TSVs, irerekana intera nini cyane (bits 1024 kuri stack no hejuru), kuburyo byite nyinshi zigenda icyarimwe. Gushyira uduce kuri interposer isangiwe kuruhande rwa GPU ituma insinga ngufi, zigabanya ingufu kuri biti nubukererwe. Umuvuduko umwe nka NVIDIA H100 cyangwa H200 uhuza ibice byinshi bya HBM kugirango ugere kuri terabaýt nyinshi kumasegonda yumubyigano wuzuye.
Kumenya Ububiko Bwinshi bwo Kwibuka
Ububiko Bwinshi bwa Memory Memory (HBM) ni ububiko bwibitse bushyizwe kuruhande rwa GPU butanga amakuru byihuse kuruta RAM isanzwe. Nibyo bituma umuvuduko wa AI ugaburirwa, ukabuza imbaraga za compte zikomeye kwicara ubusa mugihe bategereje uburemere bwikitegererezo hamwe namakuru. Ububiko Bwinshi Bwibuka ni tekinoroji yubaka tekinike igira ingaruka kumiterere yicyitegererezo, igiciro cyibikorwa remezo, ubukererwe, no kwizerwa kurwego. Kugirango wubake byimbitse, fata Ububiko Bwinshi bwa Memory nk'icyitegererezo gikora, ntabwo ari ikintu kimwe: gusobanura ibyagezweho, gusobanura ibitekerezo, no gutandukanya ibyo sisitemu ishobora gukora byizewe nibisaba guca imanza zinzobere.
Mubimenyerezo, amakipe akomeye akoresha Ububiko Bwinshi bwa Memory yorohereza ubwubatsi, amakuru, nibikorwa remezo guhitamo kwizerwa nigiciro. Bandika ibipimo ngenderwaho byerekana intsinzi, bagerageza kurwanya amakuru afatika hamwe nakazi keza, kandi bagasubiramo bashingiye kubikorwa byagaragaye ko batsinzwe aho gutsinda inshuro imwe. Aha niho imyumvire yubumenyi ihinduka mubushobozi burambye kubicuruzwa, politiki, nibikorwa.
Ibyemezo byubwubatsi bitwara imikorere nigiciro cyimikorere kumyaka. Mugihe kimwe, Guhindura igipimo kimwe gishobora guhisha intege nke za sisitemu. Uburyo bukomeye cyane ni uguhuza umuvuduko wikigereranyo hamwe na disipuline yimiyoborere: kuyobora abaderevu, gufata ibimenyetso, gutangaza ibyemezo byicyemezo, no gukomeza kuvugurura uburyo bwo kwirinda nkimyitwarire yicyitegererezo, ibyo abakoresha bategereje, nibisabwa n'amategeko bigenda bihinduka.
Ingaruka z'Ingamba
Ibyemezo byubwubatsi bitwara imikorere nigiciro cyimikorere kumyaka.
Ibyemezo byubwubatsi bitwara imikorere nigiciro cyimikorere kumyaka. Mubikorwa byujuje ubuziranenge, ibi bihindurwa mumategeko agenga imikorere, imipaka nyirubwite, hamwe n'imihango yo gusubiramo kenshi kugirango amakipe ashobore kwigirira ikizere aho gupima ibidasobanutse.
Ubuhanga bwa tekinike bufasha amakipe guhitamo umurongo ukwiye, ntabwo ari shyashya gusa.
Ubuhanga bwa tekinike bufasha amakipe guhitamo umurongo ukwiye, ntabwo ari shyashya gusa. Mubikorwa byujuje ubuziranenge, ibi bihindurwa mumategeko agenga imikorere, imipaka nyirubwite, hamwe n'imihango yo gusubiramo kenshi kugirango amakipe ashobore kwigirira ikizere aho gupima ibidasobanutse.
Guhitamo neza bya injeniyeri bigabanya ibintu byizewe mubikorwa.
Guhitamo neza bya injeniyeri bigabanya ibintu byizewe mubikorwa. Mubikorwa byujuje ubuziranenge, ibi bihindurwa mumategeko agenga imikorere, imipaka nyirubwite, hamwe n'imihango yo gusubiramo kenshi kugirango amakipe ashobore kwigirira ikizere aho gupima ibidasobanutse.
Gushyira mu bikorwa Isi
Gufata uburemere icumi cyangwa amagana ya gigabayiti yuburemere bwururimi runini rwegereye GPU kugirango zishobore gutambuka muri buri ntambwe zifatika.
Gushoboza NVIDIA H100 na H200 datacenter GPUs kugera kuri terabaýt nyinshi kumasegonda ya memoire ya memoire ya mahugurwa.
Guha ingufu amahugurwa ya AI aho GPUs nyinshi buri wese yishingikiriza kuri HBM kugirango yirinde guhagarara mubikorwa bya matrix.
Gushyigikira-hejuru-yerekana amashusho menshi na moderi ya videwo igomba kwimura tensors nini cyane kandi ikanibuka vuba.
Uburyo bwo Gushyira mu bikorwa
Ububiko Bwinshi bwo Kwibuka mubikorwa
Gufata uburemere icumi cyangwa amagana ya gigabayiti yuburemere bwururimi runini rwegereye GPU kugirango zishobore gutambuka muri buri ntambwe zifatika.
Gufata gigabayiti icumi cyangwa amagana yuburemere bwururimi runini rwegereye GPU kugirango zishobore gutambuka muri buri ntambwe zifatika Amakipe akunze kubona ibisubizo byiza iyo asobanuye ibipimo ngenderwaho byimbere, agakomeza inzira yo kuzamura abantu kubibazo, kandi akurikirana inyungu zibyara umusaruro hamwe nibiciro byamakosa mugihe runaka.
Ububiko Bwinshi bwo Kwibuka mubikorwa
Gushoboza NVIDIA H100 na H200 datacenter GPUs kugera kuri terabaýt nyinshi kumasegonda ya memoire ya memoire ya mahugurwa.
Gushoboza NVIDIA H100 na H200 datacenter GPUs kugirango igere kuri terabaýt nyinshi kumasegonda yumubyigano wibikoresho byamahugurwa Amakipe ubusanzwe abona ibisubizo byiza iyo asobanuye ibipimo byujuje ubuziranenge imbere, agakomeza inzira yo kuzamura abantu kubibazo, kandi akurikirana inyungu zibyara umusaruro hamwe nibiciro byamakosa mugihe runaka.
Ububiko Bwinshi bwo Kwibuka mubikorwa
Guha ingufu amahugurwa ya AI aho GPUs nyinshi buri wese yishingikiriza kuri HBM kugirango yirinde guhagarara mubikorwa bya matrix.
Guha ingufu amahugurwa ya AI aho GPUs nyinshi buriwese yishingikiriza kuri HBM kugirango yirinde guhagarara hagati yimikorere ya matrix Amakipe akunze kubona umusaruro ushimishije mugihe asobanura ibipimo ngenderwaho byimbere imbere, agakomeza inzira yo kuzamura abantu kubibazo, kandi akurikirana inyungu zibyara umusaruro hamwe nibiciro byamakosa mugihe runaka.
Ububiko Bwinshi bwo Kwibuka mubikorwa
Gushyigikira-hejuru-yerekana amashusho menshi na moderi ya videwo igomba kwimura tensors nini cyane kandi ikanibuka vuba.
Gushyigikira amashusho menshi-yerekana amashusho hamwe na videwo yerekana amashusho bigomba kwimura tensor nini yo gukora cyane no kutibuka vuba Amakipe ubusanzwe abona ibisubizo byiza iyo asobanuye ibipimo byujuje ubuziranenge imbere, agakomeza inzira yo kuzamura abantu kubibazo byimbitse, kandi agakurikirana inyungu zibyara umusaruro nibiciro byamakosa mugihe.
Ingaruka & Kurinda
Gutezimbere igipimo kimwe gishobora guhisha intege nke za sisitemu.
Ibikorwa Remezo no kubungabunga akenshi usanga bidahabwa agaciro.
Icyuho cyumutekano no kwitegereza birashobora kwiyongera uko sisitemu igenda igorana.
Igishushanyo mbonera
Sobanura ubukererwe, ubuziranenge, nigiciro cyibiciro mbere yo kubishyira mubikorwa.
Sobanura ubukererwe, ubuziranenge, nigiciro cyibiciro mbere yo kubishyira mubikorwa. Fata buri ntambwe nk irembo ryibimenyetso: niba ibipimo bitujujwe, hagarika kuzenguruka, funga icyuho, hanyuma noneho wagure imikoreshereze.
Ibipimo byerekana umutwaro ufatika hamwe namakuru yimiterere.
Ibipimo byerekana umutwaro ufatika hamwe namakuru yimiterere. Fata buri ntambwe nk irembo ryibimenyetso: niba ibipimo bitujujwe, hagarika kuzenguruka, funga icyuho, hanyuma noneho wagure imikoreshereze.
Gukurikirana ibikoresho kubikosa, drift, ningaruka zabakoresha.
Gukurikirana ibikoresho kubikosa, drift, ningaruka zabakoresha. Fata buri ntambwe nk irembo ryibimenyetso: niba ibipimo bitujujwe, hagarika kuzenguruka, funga icyuho, hanyuma noneho wagure imikoreshereze.
Tegura inzira yo gusubiza ibyabaye mbere yo gupima.
Tegura inzira yo gusubiza ibyabaye mbere yo gupima. Fata buri ntambwe nk irembo ryibimenyetso: niba ibipimo bitujujwe, hagarika kuzenguruka, funga icyuho, hanyuma noneho wagure imikoreshereze.