Amerika ipima ibicu kugirango ibuze amahugurwa ya AI yo mu Bushinwa

Byagenze bite

Guverinoma y’Amerika irimo gusuzuma politiki yo kubuza abanyamahanga kugera kuri mudasobwa ibicu, igamije gufunga icyuho cyemerera ibigo bya AI byo mu Bushinwa guhugura imideli kuri chip ya Nvidia iherereye mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya, Ubuyapani, n’Uburasirazuba bwo hagati. Ibi bikurikira igice cyamategeko agenga umutekano wa kure n’inzu y’Amerika muri Mutarama, cyagura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kugera kuri seriveri igaragara.

Abashoramari ba AI b'Abashinwa barenze ku mateka yo muri Amerika yohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga mu gukodesha umwanya wa seriveri mu bigo by’amahanga, akenshi bakoresheje ibigo byemewe ndetse no kwishyura amafaranga kugira ngo babungabunge ibanga. Nk’uko byatangajwe n’umunyemari ukomoka mu mujyi wa Shenzhen wavuzwe na South Morning Post yo mu majyepfo y’Ubushinwa, ngo iyi myitozo yemereye ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu guhugura imipaka y’imipaka kuri Nvidia itunganya hanze y’ubuyobozi bwa Amerika.

Inzu y’Amerika yemeje itegeko ry’umutekano wa kure muri Mutarama, iyo, niramuka ishyizweho umukono n’amategeko, yagura igenzura ry’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kugira ngo hinjire ibicu bya kure. Mu gihe 'AI Diffusion Rule' y’ubuyobozi bwa Biden yavanyweho, bivugwa ko ubuyobozi bwa Trump burimo gusuzuma uburyo bwo kugera kure kandi bukora politiki yo kuburwanya. Impuguke mu by'amategeko zivuga ko kubahiriza ubu bikomeje kuba imvi, ariko BIS irashobora gutanga ibihano muri 'Rusange Rusange 10' ku bicuruzwa birimo chipi ya magendu mu buryo butemewe.

Izi mbogamizi ziteganijwe zibangamiye guhungabanya ikigo cy’amakuru mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bwa Aziya, akarere aho ibihangange by’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa nka Alibaba, Tencent, na ByteDance byashora imari cyane. Abasesenguzi bavuga ko mu gihe ihungabana ryihuse rishobora guteza ubusumbane bw’ibisabwa by’agateganyo, icyuzi gikenewe cyane mu karere bivuze ko ubushobozi bwarekuwe bushobora gukoreshwa vuba n’abandi bakiriya.

Ku bigo bya AI byo mu Bushinwa, gutakaza ibicu byo hanze byerekana imipaka yibikoresho byo murugo. Mugihe moderi nka DeepSeek-V4 na Kimi K3 ya Moonshot yahinduwe kugirango isuzume chip yo mu Bushinwa, imyitozo iracyashingira cyane kubikoresho bya Nvidia. Chip ya H200, yemerewe gutumizwa mu mahanga, iraboneka ku rugero ruto rutagera ku bihumbi icumi bya GPU bisabwa n'ibihangange byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

Ibisobanuro birambuye: scmp.com ↗

Impamvu ari ngombwa

Ihinduka rishobora kugenzurwa ryibasiye icyuho gikomeye cyibikorwa remezo mu rwego rwa AI mu Bushinwa. Muguhagarika kugera kure kugera kuri Nvidia GPUs ikora cyane, Amerika igamije guhatira kwimuka byihuse ibyuma byimbere mu gihugu, kuri ubu bikaba bidatinze gukura kwa software hamwe no gukora neza. Kwimuka gushobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kuri Nvidia yinjira mumahanga no kuvugurura amakuru yikigo gikenewe muri Aziya yepfo yepfo.

Kwimuka byerekana kuzamuka gukomeye muri politiki y’ikoranabuhanga yo muri Amerika, ihindura intumbero iva mu bikoresho byoherejwe n’ibikorwa remezo. Ibi birashobora kugabanya umuvuduko wo kugurisha kwa Nvidia, nubwo abasesengura bavuga ko iri gabanuka rishobora gukemurwa n’ibisabwa n’ibindi bihugu mpuzamahanga by’ikoranabuhanga.

Ibibujijwe byihutisha Ubushinwa bwo kwihaza mu ikoranabuhanga. Huawei yatangaje ko chip yayo izakurikiraho Ascend 960DT chip, yagenewe amahugurwa yicyitegererezo, izaba yiteguye muri Q1 2027, amezi icyenda mbere yigihe giteganijwe. Ariko, kwimuka uva kuri platform ya CUDA ya Nvidia kuri ecosystem ya Huawei birerekana inzitizi zikomeye zubuhanga, birashoboka ko byongera 50% mugihe cyamahugurwa nigiciro.

Ihinduka rya politiki rifite uruhare runini ku bidukikije bya AI ku isi, bivuguruza uruhare rwa Aziya y’amajyepfo y’iburasirazuba nk’ahantu hatabogamye ibikorwa remezo bya AI. Irerekana kandi ubushyamirane bugenda bwiyongera hagati y’inyungu z’umutekano z’Amerika muri rusange n’imiterere y’iterambere ry’iterambere rya AI.

Ibyo kureba

Gukurikirana amategeko y’amategeko agenga umutekano wa kure n’ibikorwa byose byakozwe na Biro y’inganda n’umutekano (BIS) bijyanye n’ibihano byinjira kure. Reba kandi kwihutisha iyakirwa ryihuse rya Ascend ya Huawei n’ibigo bikomeye by’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa ndetse n’ibishobora guhinduka ku masoko yo mu mahanga.

Imiterere yanyuma y amategeko agenga umutekano wa kure kandi niba yarasinywe mumategeko cyangwa ashyirwa mubikorwa binyuze mubuyobozi bukuru.

Ibihano bishya cyangwa ibikorwa byubahirizwa na BIS kurwanya ibigo cyangwa abategura icyitegererezo ukoresheje chip ya Nvidia igera kure.

Umuvuduko wo kwakirwa na Ascend 950 na 960DT ya Huawei hamwe na laboratoire zikomeye zo mu Bushinwa AI, hamwe n’ibipimo ngenderwaho byatangajwe ugereranije na Nvidia ya H100 na B200.

Impinduka mubiciro byo gukodesha ibicu mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa Aziya no mu tundi turere nkuko abashinwa bakeneye guhinduka cyangwa kubura.

Ibijyanye nuyobora & ibibazo