Overview
Activation recomputation (gradient kana activation yekutarisa) inochengetedza ndangariro yeGPU panguva yekudzidziswa nekurasa epakati activation mukupfuura kumberi uye nekudzokorodza ivo panguva yekudzokera kumashure. Inotengeserana yakawedzera komputa yekugona kudzidzisa mamodheru akakura kana kutevedzana kwakareba pane imwechete hardware.
Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs inyanzvi yekuvaka inobata mhando yemhando, mutengo wezvivakwa, latency, uye kuvimbika pachiyero.
Deep Dive
Backpropagation inoda iyo yekumberi-pass activation kuverengera magradients, saka nekusarudzika zvese zvinobuda zvegadheni zvinochengetwa - hombe yekurangarira mutengo inokura nemuenzaniso saizi, batch size, uye kutevedzana kureba. Activation recomputation inongochengeta mashoma 'checkpoint' tensor (kazhinji inongori miganhu) uye inorasa yasara. Munguva yekupfuura yekumashure, inomhanyisa zvakare kumberi komputa pakati pekutarisa kuti igadzirise iyo yakaraswa activation pane zvinodiwa. Mhedzisiro yechinyakare ndeyekuti ine macheki akaiswa ese sqrt(N) maseru, ndangariro inodonha kusvika kuO(sqrt(N)) uku uchiwedzera imwe yekuwedzera yekupfuura (~ 33% yakawanda compute). Sarudzo dzakasiyana dzinodzokorodza chete zvakachipa-asi-ndangariro-inorema ops (sekutarisisa kana kudonhedza) uku uchichengetera anodhura, kuwana yakawanda yekuchengetedza ndangariro kune yakaderera kudzoreredza pamusoro.
Technical Insight
Iyo yakakosha tradeoff ndeye ndangariro maringe neFLOPs. Kudzokorodza kwakazara kunowedzera imwe yekuwedzera kumberi padanho (~ 30-40% inononoka) asi inogona kucheka activation memory nekuraira kwehukuru. Iyo yakangwara kufamba inosarudza yekutarisa: tsvaga maops ari ndangariro-akakura asi compute-yakachipa (softmax, layernorm, GELU, kutarisisa zvibodzwa) uye kudzoreredza izvo chete, uku uchichengeta mhedzisiro yeGEMM inodhura yakavharirwa - kuderedza kuraswa komputa.
Mastering Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs
Activation recomputation (gradient kana activation yekutarisa) inochengetedza ndangariro yeGPU panguva yekudzidziswa nekurasa epakati activation mukupfuura kumberi uye nekudzokorodza ivo panguva yekudzokera kumashure. Inotengeserana yakawedzera komputa yekugona kudzidzisa mamodheru akakura kana kutevedzana kwakareba pane imwechete hardware. Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs inyanzvi yekuvaka inobata mhando yemhando, mutengo wezvivakwa, latency, uye kuvimbika pachiyero. Kuvaka kunzwisisa kwakadzama, tora Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs semuenzaniso wekushandisa, kwete chinhu chimwe chete: tsanangura zvinodiwa, kujekesa fungidziro, uye patsanura izvo zvinogona kuitwa nehurongwa hwakavimbika kubva kune zvichiri kuda kutonga kwenyanzvi.
Mukuita, zvikwata zvakasimba zvinoshandisa Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs inogonesa zvivakwa, data, uye sarudzo dzezvivakwa zvinopesana nekuvimbika uye mutengo. Ivo vanonyora zvakajeka maitiro ebudiriro, bvunzo vachipokana ne data rechokwadi uye mafambiro ebasa, uye iterate zvichibva pane zvakacherechedzwa maitiro ekutadza kwete kuhwina-nguva imwe chete yebhenji. Apa ndipo apo kunzwisisa kwe theoretical kunoshanduka kuve kugona kwakasimba pane chigadzirwa, mutemo, uye mashandiro.
Zvisarudzo zvezvivakwa zvinotyaira kuita uye mutengo wekushandisa kwemakore. Panguva imwecheteyo, Kukwirisa imwe bhenji kunogona kuvanza yakafara system kushaya simba. Nzira yakatsiga ndeyekubatanidza kukurumidza kuyedza nekutonga: mhanyisa vatyairi vendege, tora humbowo, buritsa matanda esarudzo, uye urambe uchivandudza chengetedzo semaitiro emuenzaniso, zvinotarisirwa nemushandisi, uye zvinodikanwa zvekutonga.
Strategic Impact
Zvisarudzo zvezvivakwa zvinotyaira kuita uye mutengo wekushandisa kwemakore.
Zvisarudzo zvezvivakwa zvinotyaira kuita uye mutengo wekushandisa kwemakore. Mukutumirwa kwemhando yepamusoro, izvi zvinoshandurirwa kuita mitemo inoyerwa yekushanda, miganhu yevaridzi, uye tsika dzekudzokorora dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti zvikwata zvikwire kuvimba pane kukwidza kusajeka.
Dzidzo yehunyanzvi inobatsira zvikwata kusarudza murwi wakakodzera, kwete iwo mutsva chete.
Dzidzo yehunyanzvi inobatsira zvikwata kusarudza murwi wakakodzera, kwete iwo mutsva chete. Mukutumirwa kwemhando yepamusoro, izvi zvinoshandurirwa kuita mitemo inoyerwa yekushanda, miganhu yevaridzi, uye tsika dzekudzokorora dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti zvikwata zvikwire kuvimba pane kukwidza kusajeka.
Sarudzo dzeinjiniya dziri nani dzinoderedza zviitiko zvekuvimbika mukugadzira.
Sarudzo dzeinjiniya dziri nani dzinoderedza zviitiko zvekuvimbika mukugadzira. Mukutumirwa kwemhando yepamusoro, izvi zvinoshandurirwa kuita mitemo inoyerwa yekushanda, miganhu yevaridzi, uye tsika dzekudzokorora dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti zvikwata zvikwire kuvimba pane kukwidza kusajeka.
Real-World Implementation
Kudzidzira transformer hombe yaisazokwana nekutarisa imwe neimwe layer block
Uchishandisa PyTorch's torch.utils.checkpoint yekuputira transformer block uye kucheka activation memory.
Kusarudza kudzokororwa kwekutarisisa/softmax muMegatron-LM kuchengetedza ndangariro nekuderera kudiki
Kugonesa hurefu hwekutevedzana pane yakagadziriswa bhajeti reGPU nekudzokorora ma activation pane kuzvichengeta.
Maitiro Ekuita
Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs mukuita
Kudzidzira transformer hombe yaisazokwana nekutarisa imwe neimwe layer block.
Kudzidzira transformer hombe yaisazokwana nekutarisa yega yega block Matimu anowanzo kuwana mhedzisiro iri nani kana achinge atsanangura emhando yepamusoro kumberi, chengetedza nzira yekukwira kwevanhu yemakesi ekumucheto, uye kuteedzera zvese zvakawanikwa zvechigadzirwa uye mutengo wekukanganisa nekufamba kwenguva.
Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs mukuita
Uchishandisa PyTorch's torch.utils.checkpoint yekuputira mabhuroko etransformer uye kucheka activation memory.
Uchishandisa PyTorch's torch.utils.checkpoint yekuputira mabhuroko etransformer uye kucheka activation memory Matimu anowanzo kuwana mibairo iri nani kana achinge atsanangura mhando yepamusoro kumberi, chengetedza nzira yekukwira kwevanhu yemakesi emupendero, uye kuteedzera zvese zvakawanikwa zvechigadzirwa uye mutengo wekukanganisa nekufamba kwenguva.
Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs mukuita
Kusarudza kudzokororwa kwekutarisisa/softmax muMegatron-LM kuchengetedza ndangariro nekuderera kudiki.
Sarudzo yekudzokorodza yekutarisisa/softmax muMegatron-LM kuchengetedza ndangariro nekushomeka kuderera Matimu anowanzo kuwana mhedzisiro iri nani kana achinge atsanangura emhando yepamusoro kumberi, chengetedza nzira yekukwira kwevanhu yemakesi emupendero, uye kuteedzera zvese zvakawanikwa zvechigadzirwa uye mutengo wekukanganisa nekufamba kwenguva.
Activation Recomputation Tradeoffs mukuita
Kugonesa hurefu hwekutevedzana pane yakagadziriswa bhajeti reGPU nekudzokorora ma activation pane kuzvichengeta.
Kugonesa hurefu hurefu hwekutevedzana pane yakagadziriswa bhajeti reGPU nekudzokorodza ma activation pachinzvimbo chekuvachengeta Matimu anowanzo kuwana mhedzisiro iri nani kana achinge atsanangura emhando yepamusoro kumberi, chengetedza nzira yekukwira kwevanhu yemakesi ekumucheto, uye kuteedzera zvese zvakawanikwa zvechigadzirwa nemitengo yekukanganisa nekufamba kwenguva.
Njodzi & Guardrails
Kugadzirisa imwe bhenji kunogona kuvanza yakafara system kushaya simba.
Infrastructure uye mari yekugadzirisa inowanzotarisirwa pasi.
Chengetedzo uye kucherechedzwa mapundu anogona kukura sezvo masisitimu anowedzera kuoma.
Implementation Roadmap
Tsanangura latency, mhando, uye mutengo zvinangwa usati waitwa.
Tsanangura latency, mhando, uye mutengo zvinangwa usati waitwa. Bata nhanho yega yega segedhi rehumbowo: kana maitiro asina kusangana, imbomira kuburitsa, vhara gaka, uye wobva wawedzera kushandiswa.
Benchmark pasi pechokwadi mutoro uye data mamiriro.
Benchmark pasi pechokwadi mutoro uye data mamiriro. Bata nhanho yega yega segedhi rehumbowo: kana maitiro asina kusangana, imbomira kuburitsa, vhara gaka, uye wobva wawedzera kushandiswa.
Chishandiso chekutarisa zvikanganiso, kudonha, uye mushandisi maitiro.
Chishandiso chekutarisa zvikanganiso, kudonha, uye mushandisi maitiro. Bata nhanho yega yega segedhi rehumbowo: kana maitiro asina kusangana, imbomira kuburitsa, vhara gaka, uye wobva wawedzera kushandiswa.
Gadzirira nzira dzekudzosera kumashure uye dzezviitiko usati wawedzera.
Gadzirira nzira dzekudzosera kumashure uye dzezviitiko usati wawedzera. Bata nhanho yega yega segedhi rehumbowo: kana maitiro asina kusangana, imbomira kuburitsa, vhara gaka, uye wobva wawedzera kushandiswa.