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COMPAS uye Bias muRecidivism Algorithms
COMPAS (Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions) chishandiso chekuongorora njodzi yekutengeserana kubva kuNorthpointe, ikozvino Yakaenzana, inotaridza kuti mupomerwi angangokanganisa sei.
Pa peji ino4 min verenga
Pfupiso
Yakave iyo yepakati nyaya yekudzidza mune algorithmic kururamisira mushure mekuferefeta kwa2016 ProPublica yakaona kuti zvikanganiso zvayo zvakadonha zvisina kuenzana nerudzi. Nhaurirano yakatevera yakaratidza kuti tsananguro dzakafanana dzeruenzaniso dzinogona kupesana nemasvomhu.
Kudzika Kwakadzika
Muna Chivabvu 2016, ProPublica yakaburitsa "Machine Bias." Yakaongorora zvibodzwa zveCOMPAS zvevanhu vangangosvika zviuru zvinomwe vakasungwa muBroward County, Florida, muna 2013 na2014, ndokutarisa kuti ndiani aipomerwa mhosva itsva mukati memakore maviri. Mujaho hausi wekuisa kuCOMPAS, iyo inoshandisa nhoroondo yematsotsi uye mubvunzo wemibvunzo. Zvakadaro, ProPublica yakaona kuti pakati pevanhu vasina kutadza zvakare, Vatema vaipomerwa vangangoita zvakapetwa kaviri sevanopomerwa vachena kuti vanzi vane njodzi yakanyanya. Pakati pevanhu vakatadza zvakare, vachena vaipomerwa vaiwanzonzi vane njodzi yakaderera. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mazinga enhema aive akakwira kune Vatema vaipomerwa uye manyepo asina kunaka mazinga aive akakwira kune vachena vaipomerwa. ProPublica yakashumawo kuti kurongeka kwese kwaive kwakadzikama, kwakatenderedza 60 muzana. Northpointe akapindura kuti chishandiso chaive chakanaka neimwe mwero. Padanho rega rega rezvibodzwa, Vatema nevachena vaipomerwa mhosva zvakare nemitengo yakafanana, saka chibodzwa chakapihwa chaireva chinhu chimwe chete zvisinei nedzinza. Ichi chivakwa chinodaidzwa kuti calibration, kana kufanotaura parity. Nhamba dzerutivi rumwe norumwe dzakanga dzakarurama zvikuru. Vatsvakurudzi vakabva varatidza kuti sei zvose zvingave zvakarurama. Jon Kleinberg, Sendhil Mullainathan naManish Raghavan, uye vakasiyana Alexandra Chouldechova, vakaratidza kuti kana mapoka maviri aine mwero wakasiyana wemhedzisiro, zvibodzwa hazvigone kuverengerwa uye zvakare kuve neakaenzana emanyepo enhema uye emanyepo emanyepo mumapoka. Iyo chete inosarudzika ndeye yakakwana kufanotaura. Saka kusarudza tsananguro yeruenzaniso idanho rekutonga, kwete ruzivo rwehunyanzvi. In State v. Loomis (2016), Dare Repamusorosoro reWisconsin rakabvumira vatongi kuti vafunge nezveCOMPAS pakupa mutongo. Yakatonga kuti zvibodzwa zvaisagona kuva chikonzero chekusarudza uye zvaida nyevero dzakanyorwa kuti zviiperekedze. Chidzidzo che2018 Dartmouth chakaitwa naJulia Dressel naHany Farid vakawana kuti vasina kudzidziswa online vazvipiri vakafanotaura kudzoka zvakare nezve sezvakangoita COMPAS. Imwe pfungwa isiriyo yakajairika ndeyekuti kusiya rudzi kunobvisa rusarura. Humwe hukama hwakadai sekusungwa kwekare kunogona kutakura maitiro echipurisa munhoroondo.
Strategic Impact
Ngozi uye kuchengeteka
Njodzi uye yemazuva ese AI kukuvadza zvese zvinoenderana nekuti ndiani anonzwisisa njodzi uye ndiani anogona kuita.
Sarudzo dzakajeka
Ruzhinji nehunyanzvi kuverenga nekunyora kunoumba kana mutemo wakasimba wekuchengetedza uchigoneka mune zvematongerwo enyika.
Kucheka kuburikidza nehype
Tsananguro dzakajeka dzinoderedza kubatwa nehype, lab PR, uye isina kujeka tsika theatre.
Ramangwana reCOMPAS uye Bias muRecidivism Algorithms
Maturusi ekuongorora njodzi achiri kushandiswa mune dzakawanda US pretrial uye mutongo marongero, uye gakava rinoenderera mberi. Mamwe mapoka evatsigiridzo anovatsigira seanopindirana pane kutonga pasina rubatsiro, nepo vamwe vachipokana kuti vanodzika rusaruro rwenhoroondo. Zvingangoitika zvinosanganisira zvinodikanwa zvekusimbiswa kwenzvimbo, kutaurwa kweveruzhinji kwemhosho neboka, uye kuwana kwevanopomerwa kuti zvibodzwa zvinogadzirwa sei, kunyangwe kumhanya kuchisiyana nekutonga. Mhedzisiro isingagoneke ikozvino chikamu chakajairwa chekudzidzisa kwakanaka uye inoumba maodhisheni mukuhaya, kukweretesa uye hutano. Hazvigadzirisi kuti ndeipi tsanangudzo yekushandisa. Icho chinoramba chiri sarudzo yemutemo pamusoro pezvikanganiso izvo nzanga inoda kugamuchira.
Real-World Implementation
Mudunhu rinoshandisa COMPAS, mupurisa anotonga anosanganisa mhinduro yemubvunzo nenhoroondo yavo yekupara mhosva. Mhedzisiro iyi seti yezvibodzwa kubva pa1 kusvika gumi zvinoonekwa mumushumo unotumirwa kumutongi.
Mushure meHurumende v. Loomis, mutongi weWisconsin anogamuchira mushumo weCOMPAS anogamuchirawo nyevero dzakanyorwa. Vanonyevera kuti nzira yacho ndeyako, kuti zvibodzwa zvinorondedzera mapoka panzvimbo pavanhu vamwe navamwe, uye kuti mibvunzo yakamutswa pamusoro pemisiyano yorudzi.
Sayenzi yedata inoongorora modhi yekukweretesa inokokorodza zvese kuenzana uye yenhema mareti akanaka eboka rega rega. Sezvakaita COMPAS, kuenzana kweimwe kunotyora imwe nekuti mibairo yemapoka inosiyana.
Vatsvagiri vanotevera chidzidzo cheDartmouth cha2018 vanoratidza kuti modhi yakapfava inoshandisa zera chete uye nhamba yezvavakambotenda inofanotaura kudzoka zvakare pamusoro pechokwadi sechibodzwa chakazara cheCOMPAS.
Njodzi & Guardrails
Kurapa njodzi iripo seSci-fi nepo kugona kunobatanidza.
Kuvhiringidza kuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa chepamusoro nekuenderana pasi pekuzvimiririra kwepamusoro.
Kusiya vateereri vasiri veChirungu uye vasiri nyanzvi vaine zvinyorwa zvemhando yakaderera chete.
Implementation Roadmap
Kuparadzana kwechigadzirwa kukuvadza, kushandisa zvisizvo, uye kurasikirwa-kwe-kudzora / kusarongeka njodzi.
Bvunza kuti ndeupi humbowo hunogona kushandura maonero ako panguva uye kuomarara.
Sarudzo yekutanga masosi uye kongiri evals pamusoro pezvikumbiro zvekushambadzira.
Ziva imwe nzira yekuita: basa, mutemo, mari, kana hunyanzvi - kwete kuziva chete.
Ramba Uchiongorora
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Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa
Chii chinonzi COMPAS uye Bias muRecidivism Algorithms?
COMPAS (Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions) chishandiso chekuongorora njodzi yekutengeserana kubva kuNorthpointe, ikozvino Yakaenzana, inotaridza kuti mupomerwi angangokanganisa sei. Yakave iyo yepakati nyaya yekudzidza mune algorithmic kururamisira mushure mekuferefeta kwa2016 ProPublica yakaona kuti zvikanganiso zvayo zvakadonha zvisina kuenzana nerudzi. Nhaurirano yakatevera yakaratidza kuti tsananguro dzakafanana dzeruenzaniso dzinogona kupesana nemasvomhu.
Pakati pevanopomerwa vasina kutadza zvakare, ProPublica yakawana chii nezveVatema vapomeri zvichienzaniswa nevanopomerwa vachena?
ProPublica yakawana mwero wepamusoro wekunyepa kune Vatema vanopomerwa. Pakati pevanhu vasina kutadza zvakare, Vatema vanopomerwa vangangoita kaviri mukana wekuve vakanzi njodzi yakanyanya.
Chii chaive musimboti wekudzivirira kweNorthpointe kweCOMPAS?
Northpointe yakapokana nekufungidzira parity, inonziwo calibration: chibodzwa chakapihwa chinoenderana nemwero wakafanana wekukanganisa zvisinei nerudzi.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaita sei izvo zvisingagoneke mhedzisiro inoti calibration uye yakaenzana kukanganisa mitengo haigone kubata zvese?
Kleinberg, Mullainathan naRaghavan, uye vakaparadzana Chouldechova, vakaratidza kupokana kunomuka pese pese panosiyana mazinga uye kufanotaura kusina kukwana.
Chii chakaitwa neDare Repamusorosoro reWisconsin muState v. Loomis?
Dare rakabvumira kuti COMPAS ishandiswe pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinhu, nekunyeverwa kwakanyorwa pamusoro pemiganhu yayo, asi yakatonga kuti haingave iri sarudzo.
Mujaho chinhu chekuisa kuCOMPAS here?
Race haisi yekupinza. Misiyano inogona kuramba ichimuka kuburikidza neakabatanidzwa mapimendi uye kuburikidza nekusiyana kwezviyero zvepasi.
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