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Fully Shared Data Parallel

Fully Sharded Data Parallel (FSDP) inzira yekudzidzisa yakagoverwa inotsemura maparamendi emuenzaniso, magradients, uye optimizer nyika mumaGPU mazhinji saka mudziyo wega wega unongobata chidimbu.

2 min verengaLast update

Pfupiso

It makes training huge models possible on hardware that could never fit the whole model in one GPU's memory.

Kudzika Kwakadzika

Traditional data parallelism inochengeta kopi yakazara yemuenzaniso paGPU yega yega, iyo inoparadza ndangariro uye caps modhi saizi. FSDP, yakakurumbira ne Meta's PyTorch uye yakafemerwa neMicrosoft's ZeRO, panzvimbo pacho inopatsanura zvinhu zvitatu pamidziyo yese: paramita, gradients, uye optimizer nyika. Munguva yekupfuura, imwe neimwe GPU inounganidza kwenguva pfupi huremu hwakazara hwechitubu chairi komputa kuburikidza neyese-kuunganidza, inomhanyisa computation, yobva yasunungura kopi yakaunganidzwa. Iyo yekumashure inopfuura inoshanda zvakafanana, ichiteverwa nekudzikisa-kuparadzira iyo inogovera gradient zvimedu kudzokera kune yavo maGPU. Nekuti mudziyo wega wega unongochengeta zvachose chikamu chemodhi, kushandiswa kwendangariro kunodonha zvine mutsetse nenhamba yeGPU, zvichiita kuti zvikwata zvidzidzise modhi nemakumi kana mazana emabhiriyoni emaparamita.

Technical Insight

FSDP inotengesa kutaurirana kwekuwedzera kuchengetedza ndangariro. Huremu hwega hwega hunovakwa patsva pane kudiwa ne-se-kuunganidza pamberi pekushandisa uye kuraswa ipapo ipapo, ukuwo ma gradients anosanganiswa uye akapatsanurwa nekudzikisa-kuparadzira. Nhaurirano inogona kuputirwa nekombuta nekufanofeta maparamendi emutsetse unotevera apo iyo yazvino layer ichimhanya, ichivanza yakawanda yetiweki latency. Kugadzirisa iyo sharding granularity (kupeta mutemo) inoyera ndangariro tsoka inopesana nekutaurirana pamusoro.

Strategic Impact

Mutengo uye bhajeti

Zvisarudzo zvezvivakwa zvinotyaira kuita uye mutengo wekushandisa kwemakore.

Sarudzo dzakajeka

Dzidzo yehunyanzvi inobatsira zvikwata kusarudza murwi wakakodzera, kwete iwo mutsva chete.

Kudzora kwemhando yepamusoro

Sarudzo dzeinjiniya dziri nani dzinoderedza zviitiko zvekuvimbika mukugadzira.

Ramangwana reFully Shared Data Parallel

FSDP yave kuita yekusarudzika yekuvhurika yakakura-modhi kudzidziswa, neFSDP2 muPyTorch inovandudza usability uye per-parameta sharding. Tarisira kubatanidzwa kwakasimba ne tensor uye pombi parallelism yematiriyoni-parameta modhi, tsigiro iri nani yekusanganisa chaiyo uye fp8, uye yakangwara yekuputira otomatiki iyo inokusarudzira miganhu yekuparadzanisa. Sezvo inter-GPU inobatanidza seNVLink neInfiniBand ichikurumidza, mari yekukurukurirana ye sharding inoramba ichiderera, zvichiita kuti ishande pazvikero zvakakura.

Real-World Implementation

Kunyatsogadzirisa 70-bhiriyoni-parameter Llama modhi kuyambuka 8 GPUs iyo yega isingakwanise kubata huremu hwakazara.

Kudzidzira mamodheru emitauro mikuru paAI labs nesharding optimizer nyika (iyo inotonga ndangariro naAdam) mumazana eanomhanyisa.

Vatsvagiri vanoshandisa PyTorch's FSDP wrapper kudzidzisa maratidziro ekuona pachikwata cheyunivhesiti pasina kutenga mureza 80GB GPU.

Kubatanidza FSDP neyakavhenganiswa-chaiyo bfloat16 kuti iite hafu yekuyeuka uye nekumhanyisa kudzidzisa kufambisa pane multimodal modhi.

Njodzi & Guardrails

Kugadzirisa imwe bhenji kunogona kuvanza yakafara system kushaya simba.

Infrastructure uye mari yekugadzirisa inowanzotarisirwa pasi.

Chengetedzo uye kucherechedzwa mapundu anogona kukura sezvo masisitimu anowedzera kuoma.

Implementation Roadmap

1

Tsanangura latency, mhando, uye mutengo zvinangwa usati waitwa.

2

Benchmark pasi pechokwadi mutoro uye data mamiriro.

3

Chishandiso chekutarisa zvikanganiso, kudonha, uye mushandisi maitiro.

4

Gadzirira nzira dzekudzosera kumashure uye dzezviitiko usati wawedzera.

Ramba Uchiongorora

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What is Fully Sharded Data Parallel?

Fully Sharded Data Parallel (FSDP) inzira yekudzidzisa yakagoverwa inotsemura maparamendi emuenzaniso, magradients, uye optimizer nyika mumaGPU mazhinji saka mudziyo wega wega unongobata chidimbu. Inoita kuti kudzidzisa mamodheru mahombe agoneke pane Hardware isingambofi yakakwana modhi yese mundangariro yeGPU imwe.

Chii chinoita FSDP shard mhiri kweGPUs iyo yakajairwa data parallelism HAZVI?

FSDP inoshatisa maparamita emodhi, gradients, uye optimizer inotaura pamidziyo yese, nepo yakajairwa data parallelism inodzokorora modhi yakazara paGPU yega yega.

Ndeipi mashandiro emubatanidzwa anoshandiswa neFSDP kugadzirazve huremu hwakazara huremu pamberi pekombuta?

Isati yatanga tambo, FSDP inoita zvese-kuunganidza kuunganidza kwenguva pfupi maparamita akazara kubva kune ese shards, yozosunungura mushure.

Nei FSDP ichisunungura iyo yakaunganidzwa maremu akazara nekukurumidza mushure meiyo layer's computation?

Kubata chete shard zvachose uye kuunganidza uremu huzere kwenguva pfupi ndiko kunoita kuti ndangariro irambe yakadzikira uye inoenzana nechikamu chimwe chemuenzaniso.

FSDP yakanyanya kufemerwa neipi yekutanga ndangariro-optimization maitiro?

FSDP's sharding of parameters, gradients, and optimizer states inoteedzera pfungwa dzakaunzwa muMicrosoft's ZeRO kubva kuDeepSpeed ​​library.

Ko FSDP inovanza sei yakawanda yetiweki latency kubva pakuunganidza uremu?

FSDP inofanotungamira iyo inotevera dhizaini iyo yazvino layer ichiri komputa, ichipfuura iyo yese-kuunganidza kutaurirana nebasa rinobatsira.