Overview
NVLink uye zvine hukama zvinongedzo ndizvo zvinongedzo zvekumhanya izvo zvinoita kuti maGPU mazhinji ataure kune mumwe nemumwe zvakananga uye nekukurumidza. Izvo zvakakosha nekuti kudzidziswa uye kushandira yakakura kwazvo AI modhi inoda mazana kana zviuru zveGPU kuita senge hofori yekumhanyisa.
NVLink neGPU Interconnects inyanzvi yekuvaka inobata mhando yemhando, mutengo wezvivakwa, latency, uye kuvimbika pachiyero.
Deep Dive
GPU imwe chete haigone kubata mamodheru makuru, saka anopatsanurwa pamachipi mazhinji anofanirwa kugara achichinjana data, senge uremu, gradients, uye activation. Iyo yakajairwa PCIe bhazi inononoka pane izvi, saka NVIDIA yakagadzira NVLink, yakananga GPU-kune-GPU link inopa kure yakakwira bandwidth uye yakaderera latency. NVSwitch machipisi anowedzera izvi kuita jira kuitira kuti maGPU ese ari musevha asvike kune imwe neimwe nekumhanya kuzere, achishandura maGPU masere kuita imwe hombe ndangariro uye compute dziva. Pa rack scale, masisitimu akaita seNVIDIA's NVL72 anobatanidza akawanda eGPUs pamusoro peiyo yakabatana NVLink domain. Kupfuura rack imwechete, matekinoroji etiweki seInfiniBand uye Ethernet (kazhinji neRDMA) inosunga zviuru zvemanodhi musumbu. Hunhu hweaya anobatana anoganhura zvakananga kuti yakakura sei uye nekukurumidza mamodheru anogona kudzidzisa.
Technical Insight
NVLink inopa yakatsaurirwa nzvimbo-kune-poinzi nzira pakati peGPUs ine bandwidth kakawanda iyo yePCIe uye yakaderera latency, ichirega maGPUs kuverenga ndangariro dzemumwe nemumwe sekunge ndezvenzvimbo. NVSwitch inoita senge yakakwira-kumhanya muchinjiko saka maGPU ese ari mu node anotaurirana asingavharike pakazara bandwidth. Kubatanidzwa mashandiro akadai sekuderedza-kwese, ayo anokwana maGPUs panguva yekudzidziswa, anomhanya zvakanyanya pamusoro pejira iri, ndosaka interconnect bandwidth inopesvedzera zvine simba kuti kudzidzira masikero kune akawanda machipi.
Mastering NVLink uye GPU Interconnects
NVLink uye zvine hukama zvinongedzo ndizvo zvinongedzo zvekumhanya izvo zvinoita kuti maGPU mazhinji ataure kune mumwe nemumwe zvakananga uye nekukurumidza. Izvo zvakakosha nekuti kudzidziswa uye kushandira yakakura kwazvo AI modhi inoda mazana kana zviuru zveGPU kuita senge hofori yekumhanyisa. NVLink neGPU Interconnects inyanzvi yekuvaka inobata mhando yemhando, mutengo wezvivakwa, latency, uye kuvimbika pachiyero. Kuti uvake kunzwisisa kwakadzama, bata NVLink neGPU Interconnects semuenzaniso wekushandisa, kwete chinhu chimwe chete: tsanangura zvinodikanwa, jekesa fungidziro, uye patsanura izvo zvinogona kuitwa nehurongwa hwakavimbika kubva kune zvichiri kuda kutonga kwenyanzvi.
Mukuita, zvikwata zvakasimba zvinoshandisa NVLink uye GPU Interconnects inogonesa zvivakwa, data, uye sarudzo dzezvivakwa zvinopesana nekuvimbika uye mutengo. Ivo vanonyora zvakajeka maitiro ebudiriro, bvunzo vachipokana ne data rechokwadi uye mafambiro ebasa, uye iterate zvichibva pane zvakacherechedzwa maitiro ekutadza kwete kuhwina-nguva imwe chete yebhenji. Apa ndipo apo kunzwisisa kwe theoretical kunoshanduka kuve kugona kwakasimba pane chigadzirwa, mutemo, uye mashandiro.
Zvisarudzo zvezvivakwa zvinotyaira kuita uye mutengo wekushandisa kwemakore. Panguva imwecheteyo, Kukwirisa imwe bhenji kunogona kuvanza yakafara system kushaya simba. Nzira yakatsiga ndeyekubatanidza kukurumidza kuyedza nekutonga: mhanyisa vatyairi vendege, tora humbowo, buritsa matanda esarudzo, uye urambe uchivandudza chengetedzo semaitiro emuenzaniso, zvinotarisirwa nemushandisi, uye zvinodikanwa zvekutonga.
Strategic Impact
Zvisarudzo zvezvivakwa zvinotyaira kuita uye mutengo wekushandisa kwemakore.
Zvisarudzo zvezvivakwa zvinotyaira kuita uye mutengo wekushandisa kwemakore. Mukutumirwa kwemhando yepamusoro, izvi zvinoshandurirwa kuita mitemo inoyerwa yekushanda, miganhu yevaridzi, uye tsika dzekudzokorora dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti zvikwata zvikwire kuvimba pane kukwidza kusajeka.
Dzidzo yehunyanzvi inobatsira zvikwata kusarudza murwi wakakodzera, kwete iwo mutsva chete.
Dzidzo yehunyanzvi inobatsira zvikwata kusarudza murwi wakakodzera, kwete iwo mutsva chete. Mukutumirwa kwemhando yepamusoro, izvi zvinoshandurirwa kuita mitemo inoyerwa yekushanda, miganhu yevaridzi, uye tsika dzekudzokorora dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti zvikwata zvikwire kuvimba pane kukwidza kusajeka.
Sarudzo dzeinjiniya dziri nani dzinoderedza zviitiko zvekuvimbika mukugadzira.
Sarudzo dzeinjiniya dziri nani dzinoderedza zviitiko zvekuvimbika mukugadzira. Mukutumirwa kwemhando yepamusoro, izvi zvinoshandurirwa kuita mitemo inoyerwa yekushanda, miganhu yevaridzi, uye tsika dzekudzokorora dzinodzokororwa kuitira kuti zvikwata zvikwire kuvimba pane kukwidza kusajeka.
Real-World Implementation
Kubatanidza sere maGPU mukati mesevha imwechete (seNVIDIA DGX masisitimu) kuburikidza neNVSwitch saka vanogovana ndangariro uye kudzidzisa imwe hombe modhi pamwechete.
Kuita zvese-kudzikisa gradient kuwiriranisa mukati meGPUs panguva yakagoverwa kudzidziswa, inokwidziridzwa neNVLink bandwidth.
Kubatanidza akawanda eGPUs mune rack-scale NVL72 system mune imwe yakabatana NVLink domain yematrion-parameter modhi.
Kusunga zviuru zveGPU maseva kuita sumbu uchishandisa InfiniBand kana RDMA-pamusoro-Ethernet yehukuru-hukuru hwaro modhi yekudzidziswa.
Maitiro Ekuita
NVLink uye GPU Interconnects mukuita
Kubatanidza sere maGPU mukati mesevha imwechete (seNVIDIA DGX masisitimu) kuburikidza neNVSwitch saka vanogovana ndangariro uye kudzidzisa imwe hombe modhi pamwechete.
Kubatanidza maGPU masere mukati mesevha imwechete (senge NVIDIA DGX masisitimu) kuburikidza neNVSwitch kuti vagovane ndangariro uye kudzidzisa imwe hombe modhi pamwe Matimu anowanzo kuwana mhedzisiro iri nani kana achinge atsanangura emhando yepamusoro kumberi, chengetedza nzira yekukwira kwevanhu yemakesi emupendero, uye kuteedzera zvese zvakawanikwa zvechigadzirwa uye kukanganisa mutengo nekufamba kwenguva.
NVLink uye GPU Interconnects mukuita
Kuita zvese-kudzikisa gradient kuwiriranisa mukati meGPUs panguva yakagoverwa kudzidziswa, inokwidziridzwa neNVLink bandwidth.
Kuita zvese-kudzikisa gradient kuwiriranisa mukati meGPUs panguva yakagoverwa kudzidziswa, inokwidziridzwa neNVLink bandwidth Matimu anowanzo kuwana mhedzisiro iri nani kana achinge atsanangura emhando yepamusoro kumberi, chengetedza nzira yekukwira kwevanhu yemakesi emupendero, uye kuteedzera zvese zvakawanikwa zvechigadzirwa uye mutengo wekukanganisa nekufamba kwenguva.
NVLink uye GPU Interconnects mukuita
Kubatanidza akawanda eGPUs mune rack-scale NVL72 system mune imwe yakabatana NVLink domain yematrion-parameter modhi.
Kubatanidza akati wandei eGPUs mune rack-scale NVL72 system mune imwe yakabatana NVLink domain yematrilioni-parameter modhi Matimu anowanzo kuwana mhedzisiro iri nani kana achinge atsanangura emhando yepamusoro kumberi, chengetedza nzira yekukwira kwevanhu yemakesi emupendero, uye kuteedzera zvese zvakawanikwa zvechigadzirwa uye kukanganisa mutengo nekufamba kwenguva.
NVLink uye GPU Interconnects mukuita
Kusunga zviuru zveGPU maseva kuita sumbu uchishandisa InfiniBand kana RDMA-pamusoro-Ethernet yehukuru-hukuru hwaro modhi yekudzidziswa.
Kusunga zviuru zvemaseva eGPU musumbu uchishandisa InfiniBand kana RDMA-pamusoro-Ethernet yehukuru-hukuru hwaro modhi yekudzidzisa Matimu anowanzo kuwana mhedzisiro iri nani kana achinge atsanangura emhando yepamusoro kumberi, chengetedza nzira yekukwira kwevanhu yemakesi ekumucheto, uye kuteedzera zvese zvakawanikwa zvechigadzirwa uye kukanganisa mutengo nekufamba kwenguva.
Njodzi & Guardrails
Kugadzirisa imwe bhenji kunogona kuvanza yakafara system kushaya simba.
Infrastructure uye mari yekugadzirisa inowanzotarisirwa pasi.
Chengetedzo uye kucherechedzwa mapundu anogona kukura sezvo masisitimu anowedzera kuoma.
Implementation Roadmap
Tsanangura latency, mhando, uye mutengo zvinangwa usati waitwa.
Tsanangura latency, mhando, uye mutengo zvinangwa usati waitwa. Bata nhanho yega yega segedhi rehumbowo: kana maitiro asina kusangana, imbomira kuburitsa, vhara gaka, uye wobva wawedzera kushandiswa.
Benchmark pasi pechokwadi mutoro uye data mamiriro.
Benchmark pasi pechokwadi mutoro uye data mamiriro. Bata nhanho yega yega segedhi rehumbowo: kana maitiro asina kusangana, imbomira kuburitsa, vhara gaka, uye wobva wawedzera kushandiswa.
Chishandiso chekutarisa zvikanganiso, kudonha, uye mushandisi maitiro.
Chishandiso chekutarisa zvikanganiso, kudonha, uye mushandisi maitiro. Bata nhanho yega yega segedhi rehumbowo: kana maitiro asina kusangana, imbomira kuburitsa, vhara gaka, uye wobva wawedzera kushandiswa.
Gadzirira nzira dzekudzosera kumashure uye dzezviitiko usati wawedzera.
Gadzirira nzira dzekudzosera kumashure uye dzezviitiko usati wawedzera. Bata nhanho yega yega segedhi rehumbowo: kana maitiro asina kusangana, imbomira kuburitsa, vhara gaka, uye wobva wawedzera kushandiswa.