NVLink uye GPU Interconnects
NVLink uye zvine hukama zvinongedzo ndizvo zvinongedzo zvekumhanya izvo zvinoita kuti maGPU mazhinji ataure kune mumwe nemumwe zvakananga uye nekukurumidza.
Pfupiso
They are essential because training and serving the largest AI models requires hundreds or thousands of GPUs to act like one giant accelerator.
Kudzika Kwakadzika
GPU imwe chete haigone kubata mamodheru makuru, saka anopatsanurwa pamachipi mazhinji anofanirwa kugara achichinjana data, senge uremu, gradients, uye activation. Iyo yakajairwa PCIe bhazi inononoka pane izvi, saka NVIDIA yakagadzira NVLink, yakananga GPU-kune-GPU link inopa kure yakakwira bandwidth uye yakaderera latency. NVSwitch machipisi anowedzera izvi kuita jira kuitira kuti maGPU ese ari musevha asvike kune imwe neimwe nekumhanya kuzere, achishandura maGPU masere kuita imwe hombe ndangariro uye compute dziva. Pa rack scale, masisitimu akaita seNVIDIA's NVL72 anobatanidza akawanda eGPUs pamusoro peiyo yakabatana NVLink domain. Kupfuura rack imwechete, matekinoroji etiweki seInfiniBand uye Ethernet (kazhinji neRDMA) inosunga zviuru zvemanodhi musumbu. Hunhu hweaya anobatana anoganhura zvakananga kuti yakakura sei uye nekukurumidza mamodheru anogona kudzidzisa.
Technical Insight
NVLink inopa yakatsaurirwa nzvimbo-kune-poinzi nzira pakati peGPUs ine bandwidth kakawanda iyo yePCIe uye yakaderera latency, ichirega maGPUs kuverenga ndangariro dzemumwe nemumwe sekunge ndezvenzvimbo. NVSwitch inoita senge yakakwira-kumhanya muchinjiko saka maGPU ese ari mu node anotaurirana asingavharike pakazara bandwidth. Kubatanidzwa mashandiro akadai sekuderedza-kwese, ayo anokwana maGPUs panguva yekudzidziswa, anomhanya zvakanyanya pamusoro pejira iri, ndosaka interconnect bandwidth inopesvedzera zvine simba kuti kudzidzira masikero kune akawanda machipi.
Strategic Impact
Mutengo uye bhajeti
Zvisarudzo zvezvivakwa zvinotyaira kuita uye mutengo wekushandisa kwemakore.
Sarudzo dzakajeka
Dzidzo yehunyanzvi inobatsira zvikwata kusarudza murwi wakakodzera, kwete iwo mutsva chete.
Kudzora kwemhando yepamusoro
Sarudzo dzeinjiniya dziri nani dzinoderedza zviitiko zvekuvimbika mukugadzira.
Ramangwana reNVLink uye GPU Interconnects
Sezvo mamodheru achikura maseva ega, iyo yekubatanidza iri kuita sisitimu. NVLink inoramba ichiwana bandwidth chizvarwa chega chega, uye rack-scale NVLink domains (seNVL72) iri kuwedzera huwandu hweGPU dzinoita seimwe. Tarisira makuru akabatana madomasi, kusimba kwakabatana kwekombuta uye network, optical zvinongedzo kudzikisa simba pamusoro pechinhambwe, uye indasitiri kuedza kuvhura yakavhurika yekubatanidza zviyero (seUALink) kukwikwidza machira evaridzi. Kuyera AI kunowedzera kunoenderana nekufambisa data pakati pemachipi zvakanyanya sepamachipisi pachawo.
Real-World Implementation
Kubatanidza sere maGPU mukati mesevha imwechete (seNVIDIA DGX masisitimu) kuburikidza neNVSwitch saka vanogovana ndangariro uye kudzidzisa imwe hombe modhi pamwechete.
Kuita zvese-kudzikisa gradient kuwiriranisa mukati meGPUs panguva yakagoverwa kudzidziswa, inokwidziridzwa neNVLink bandwidth.
Kubatanidza akawanda eGPUs mune rack-scale NVL72 system mune imwe yakabatana NVLink domain yematrion-parameter modhi.
Kusunga zviuru zveGPU maseva kuita sumbu uchishandisa InfiniBand kana RDMA-pamusoro-Ethernet yehukuru-hukuru hwaro modhi yekudzidziswa.
Njodzi & Guardrails
Kugadzirisa imwe bhenji kunogona kuvanza yakafara system kushaya simba.
Infrastructure uye mari yekugadzirisa inowanzotarisirwa pasi.
Chengetedzo uye kucherechedzwa mapundu anogona kukura sezvo masisitimu anowedzera kuoma.
Implementation Roadmap
Tsanangura latency, mhando, uye mutengo zvinangwa usati waitwa.
Benchmark pasi pechokwadi mutoro uye data mamiriro.
Chishandiso chekutarisa zvikanganiso, kudonha, uye mushandisi maitiro.
Gadzirira nzira dzekudzosera kumashure uye dzezviitiko usati wawedzera.
Ramba Uchiongorora
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What is NVLink and GPU Interconnects?
NVLink uye zvine hukama zvinongedzo ndizvo zvinongedzo zvekumhanya izvo zvinoita kuti maGPU mazhinji ataure kune mumwe nemumwe zvakananga uye nekukurumidza. Izvo zvakakosha nekuti kudzidziswa uye kushandira yakakura kwazvo AI modhi inoda mazana kana zviuru zveGPU kuita senge hofori yekumhanyisa.
Nei yakakwira-kumhanya yekubatanidza seNVLink ichidikanwa kune hombe AI modhi?
Mahombe modhi anodarika kugona kweGPU imwe chete, saka akapararira kune akawanda machipi anoramba achigovana uremu, gradients, uye activation, inoda kukurumidza malink.
Ndeipi mukana unopihwa neNVLink pamusoro peyakajairwa PCIe bhazi reGPU-kune-GPU kutaurirana?
NVLink ndeye yakananga GPU-kune-GPU yekubatanidza ine yakakura kwazvo bandwidth uye yakaderera latency kupfuura PCIe, ichigonesa kukurumidza kuchinjana data pakati pemachipi.
Ndeipi basa reNVSwitch mune yakawanda-GPU server?
NVSwitch inotambanudzira NVLink mumucheka usingavhare, ichirega maGPU ese munode achitaurirana nekumhanya kuzere.
Ndeipi mashandiro emubatanidzwa, akajairika mukudzidziswa kwakagoverwa, anobatsirika zvakanyanya kubva kune inokurumidza kubatanidza?
Yese-inoderedza masamu uye inogovera gradients muGPU dzese nhanho imwe neimwe yekudzidziswa, saka kumhanya kwayo kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekubatanidza bandwidth.
Kupfuura sevha imwe chete, ndeapi matekinoroji anowanzo kubatanidza zviuru zveGPU node musumbu rimwe?
Pachikwata chechikwata, networking yakadai seInfiniBand kana Ethernet neRDMA inosunga node dzakawanda pamwe chete, ichizadzisa NVLink mukati mesevha yega yega.