Chii chaitika
arXiv preprint inosuma nzira inonzi semantic surface area, yakagadzirirwa kuona maitiro ejometri ane hukama neanonyengera anobuda. Iro bepa rinopokana kuti mitsetse-yekuferefeta nzira dzinogona kushanda nemazvo kune artificial backdoors asi dzinogona kusatora hunyengeri hunobuda kuburikidza nekumwe kudzidziswa kwechisikigo kana kwakaoma, akawanda-anotendeuka mamiriro.
Iro bepa, rakatumirwa kuarXiv musi waNyamavhuvhu 25, 2026, rinowedzera zvarinotsanangura sekutsvaga kwekare-mumiriri. Iro basa rekutanga rakashandisa madoor ekumashure uye anonzi akawana kuti mutsara probes aigona kuona iwo neanopfuura 99% chokwadi. Iri bepa idzva rinobvunza kana mhedzisiro yacho ichichinjika kune inongo simuka yehunyengeri, vachipokana kuti kuisirwa kwedoor kunogona kugadzira zvisina kujairika mutsara masiginecha ayo asingazoratidzike muhunhu hwakaoma. Musiyano saka uri pakati pechiratidzo chakagadzirwa nekuyedza kuseta uye pateni inoratidzika sechikamu chemaitiro emhando yakafararira. Bepa rinopa izvi semubvunzo wekuyera, kwete semhedziso yakaratidzwa.
Kuti udzidze mukana iwoyo, vanyori vanotsanangura nzira yezvisikwa yakavakirwa pane akawanda-inotendeuka mamiriro windows. Nzira yacho inoitirwa kutevedzera kufunga kunonyengera kuburikidza nekuvandudza zvishoma nezvishoma mamiriro ezvinhu kwete kuburikidza nebhinari trigger-and-response pattern. Bepa iri rinoti harishandise mabackdoors, mavara kana probes kugadzira zviyero zvejometri. Pane kudaro, inoongorora kuti zvinorehwa zvinokura sei munzvimbo isina kujairika yemodhi. Kusimbisa kwechinyorwa zvishoma nezvishoma ndiko pakati pekuumbwa kwebepa. Zvinoitirwa kuita kuti kuyerwa kuratidze machinjiro ezvinoreva mukati mekudyidzana, pane kungove kana chimiro chimwechete chiripo.
Iyo metric yakatsanangurwa, semantic pamusoro penzvimbo, inotsanangurwa sekuyera zvese ukuru hwekumiririra shanduko uye kutungamira shanduko inobatanidzwa mukuvaka zvinoreva. Vanyori vanosanganisa iyo metric nekuongorora kwe curvature uye salience. Ivo vanobva varonga zvinobuda zvemodhiyo vachishandisa LLM kubvumirana uye vanoshuma kuti chimiro chejometri chakafanotaura nekuvimbika kupatsanurwa semantic panzira shanu dzekukurumidza uye mhuri mbiri dzemhando. Kwakabva hakuzivise iwo mamodheru kana kutsanangura saizi yeawandisirwo seti. Izvi zvikamu zvinotorwa semaonero anopindirana eiyo imwechete inference process. Iyo yakashumwa fungidziro ine chekuita semantic kupatsanurwa mune yakaedzwa marongero, uye bepa rinosiya chiyero chemhedzisiro yakavhurika.
Nei zvichikosha
Kana iyo yakashumwa pateni yakawedzera, nzira yacho inogona kupa imwe nzira yekuongorora maAI masisitimu ehunyengeri pasina kuvimba nezvinokonzeresa, inotariswa yekuisa kumashure kwemba kana maprobes akajairwa. Izvo zvinogona kuve nebasa pakuyedzwa kwekuchengetedza, kunyangwe sosi ichitsanangura mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa kwete yakasimbiswa yekugadzira chishandiso.
Mupiro mukuru wepepa ndeyekushanduka kwakarongwa mukusimbisa: panzvimbo yekutsvaga mutsara wakapfava unoparadzanisa kunyengera kubva kune zvisiri zvekunyengera, inoongorora chimiro uye chiyero chekumiririra shanduko panguva yekufungidzira. Musiyano iwoyo wakakosha nekuti modhi inogona kudzivirira kufumura yakagadzikana mutsara siginecha ichiri kugadzira emukati mapatani ane chekuita neimwe mhando yekufunga. Bepa racho rinoti masiginecha ejometri anogona kuramba achionekwa kunyangwe kupatsanurwa kuchiita ruzha. Nenzira iyoyo, nzira yacho inounzwa senzira yekuongorora shanduko inomiririra pane nzvimbo yakatarwa mumuenzaniso. Kukosha kwayo kunotsamira pakuti mutsauko uyu unoramba uripo here pakuongorora.
Mibairo yenhamba yakashumwa inounzwa seumboo hwechido ichocho. Tsime rinoti semantic nzvimbo yepasi yakasiyana zvakanyanya mukati meyedzo yekumisikidza nzira uye mhuri dzemhando. Inopa mumwe muenzaniso umo yakavandudzwa kuyerwa kwechiyero chakachinja mhedzisiro kubva kune isina kukosha, ine p = 0.555, kune yakakosha, ine p = 0.048. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vanyori vanoona kuyerwa kwechiyero sechikamu chakakosha chedambudziko rekuona. Nekudaro, iyo sosi haipe masaizi ekuita, nguva dzekuvimba, maitiro ekuenzanisa akawanda kana ruzivo rwakakwana rwekuyedza kuongorora kusimba kwechigumisiro vakazvimirira. Saka muenzaniso unoratidza gakava revanyori nezve kurongeka, ukuwo uchisiya hukuru hwepasi uye kusimba kwakaoma kuongorora kubva kurondedzero iripo.
Chinongo batsira bhenefiti ndechekuti nzira yacho inotsanangurwa seisina kutariswa uye isingaenderane neyakagadzirwa backdoor kuiswa. Kana ikabuditswazve, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti ive yakakosha sechimwe chikamu muongororo yemuenzaniso, kunyanya yekuyedza maitiro anoitika pakutendeuka kwakawanda. Mhedzisiro yacho inoramba iri tsvakiridzo kubva kune imwechete preprint. Kwainobva hakuratidze kuti semantic surface inoona kurongeka chaiko kwekunyengera, inodzivirira maitiro anokuvadza kana kudarika yakamisikidzwa kuongororwa kwekuchengetedza mukutumirwa chaiko. Izvo zvipingamupinyi zvinotsanangura mukaha uripo pakati pechiyereso chinovimbisa uye kugona kuchengetedza. Humwe humbowo hwaizodiwa nzira isati yagona kutsigira sarudzo dzekushanda.
Interactive Mechanism: Iyo Inonyatsoshanda
Ongorora ari pasi tekinoroji kuseri kwekusimudzira uku uchipindirana.
Which component of an AI application is the machine-learning model itself?
Zvekutarisa zvinotevera
Mibvunzo yepakati yakavhurika ndeyekuti nzira yacho inoshanda here kupfuura mhuri mbiri dzemuenzaniso uye nzira shanu dzekukurumidza dzakadzidzwa, kana kupatsanurwa kwayo kunobvumirana nenyanzvi dzevanhu, uye kana ichigona kuona hunyengeri hune hunhu mumasisitimu akaiswa. Nzvimbo yacho haipe mazita emuenzaniso, saizi dzemuenzaniso, saizi yemhedzisiro, kuwanikwa kwekodhi kana humbowo kubva munzvimbo dzekushanda.
Muedzo wekutanga kudzokorora. Vatsvakurudzi vaizoda kuisa chiyero kune imwechete yekuedza setup uye kuona kana misiyano yakataurwa inoramba yakavimbika. Nekuda kwekuti tsime haridome mhuri mbiri dzemhando kana nhamba yezvinokurudzirwa uye zvakabuda zvakaongororwa, vaverengi havasati vakwanisa kutonga kuti humbowo hwakafara sei kana kuti mhedzisiro yacho inoenderana nekusarudzika kwakamanikana kwemasystem uye mamiriro. Kudzokorodza kwaizojekesawo kana zviyero zvejometri zvakafanana zvichionekwa nguva dzose kana ongororo yadzokororwa, uye kana iyo pateni yakashumwa ine hanya kune zvakasarudzwa.
Iyo yemhando maitiro inodawo kuongororwa. Bepa rinoti zvakabuda zvemodhiyo zvakarongedzerwa kuburikidza neLLM kubvumirana, asi sosi haritauri kana nyanzvi dzevanhu dzakaongorora zvakazvimiririra, mabatirwo akaitwa kusawirirana kana kuti mamodheru ekuongorora aive akaparadzana kubva kune akaongororwa mhando. Izvo zvinhu zvine basa nekuti mutongi otomatiki anogona kuunza zvikanganiso zvake, fungidziro uye zvakabatana zvakarerekera mukuongororwa kwekuchengetedza. Pasina kuenzanisa ikoko, zvakaoma kuparadzanisa maitiro ekuyera maitiro kubva kune fungidziro dzakavakwa muchikamu chayo maitiro.
Rimwezve basa rinofanirwa kuyedza kana chiratidzo chejometri chinopona shanduko mumazwi, kureba kwemamiriro ezvinhu, modhi yekuvaka uye ongororo yekurudziro. Inofanirawo kuenzanisa nzira yacho zvakananga nemutsara probes uye mamwe maitiro ekududzira pasi pemamiriro akafananidzwa. Kunyanya kukosha, munda unozoda humbowo hwekuti chiratidzo chinoenderana nehunhu hunoisa chaiyo kuchengetedza kunetseka kwete kungooma semantic kana mutsauko mukumisikidza chimiro. Iyo sosi haipe humbowo parizvino nezve kutumirwa, kuburitswa kwekodhi, kutarisisa kwekushanda kana dziviriro dzakavakwa kubva munzira. Iyi mibvunzo ine chekuita nezvechokwadi uye kubatsira. Kushamwaridzana kwakavimbika mukuedza kunodzorwa kunenge kuchiri kuda kuve kwakabatana nekutarisa kana kupindira mukuita.