OkulandelayoUmhlahlandlela olandelayo
I-AI Dental X-Ray Cavity Detection
I-AI ebonakalayo
I-VISual AI GUIDE
Ukutholwa kweNodule yamaphaphu kwe-AI
Ukutholwa kwamaqhuqhuva wamaphaphu kwe-AI kusebenzisa amamodeli okubona kwekhompuyutha, ikakhulukazi amanethiwekhi emizwa ajulile, ukuthola, ukukala nokuhlola amachashaza amancane emaphashini kuma-CT scan, kanye nokulinganisa ukuthi indawo ngayinye ingaba nomdlavuza.
Kuleli khasi4 amaminithi afundiwe
Uhlolojikelele
Kubalulekile ngoba ukuhlolwa kwe-CT ngedosi ephansi kunciphisa ukufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kodwa iskena ngasinye sinamakhulu ezingcezu ezincane okufanele zifundwe, futhi izigaxana eziningi azinangozi. Amathuluzi athola izigaxa ngokwethembeka futhi asize ukuhlukanisa ayingozi kwalawo angenangozi athinta kokubili umdlavuza ogejiwe kanye nezinqubo zokulandelela ezingadingekile.
I-Deep Dive
I-nodule yamaphaphu yindawo eyindilinga emaphashini efinyelela cishe ku-3 cm ububanzi. Noma yini enkulu ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi inqwaba. Amaqhuqhuva avame kakhulu, futhi iningi lawo izibazi ezindala, izifo noma ukukhula okunempilo. Ku-CT zichazwa njengeziqinile, ingxenye eqinile noma ingilazi yaphansi, futhi uhlobo ngalunye luphethe ingozi ehlukile. Ukuhlola yilapho i-AI idonse ukunaka okukhulu. I-US National Lung Screening Trial, eyabikwa ngo-2011, yathola ukuthi umthamo ophansi we-CT wehlise ukufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-20 uma kuqhathaniswa ne-X-ray yesifuba. Isivivinyo sase-European NELSON kamuva saqinisekisa inzuzo. Ngo-2021 i-U.S Uhlelo lwe-American College of Radiology's Lung-RADS lulinganisa ukuthi izikena zokuhlola zibikwa futhi zilandelwe kanjani. Ama-nodule atholwe ngenhlanhla kumaskeni enziwe ngenxa yezinye izizathu ngokuvamile aphathwa ngemihlahlandlela ye-Fleischner Society. I-AI yenza imisebenzi emithathu ehlukene. Ukutholwa kuthola ama-nodule ekhandidethi. Amasegimenti okulinganisa ahlukanisa i-nodule ngayinye ukuze athole usayizi wawo nevolumu. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlamvu kulinganisela ingozi yomdlavuza. Ucwaningo lwango-2019 lwe-Google ku-Nature Medicine luqeqeshe imodeli yokufunda ejulile kumaskeni we-NLST. Ekuhlolweni okubuyela emuva ngaphandle kokuskena kwangaphambili ukuze kuqhathaniswe, ifanise noma ishaye ama-radiologists ekubikezeleni umdlavuza. I-Sybil, eyakhiwe e-MIT nase-Massachusetts General Hospital, ilinganisela ingozi yomuntu yokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu phakathi neminyaka elandelayo kusukela ku-CT yomthamo owodwa ophansi, ngisho nalapho kungekho nodule esolisayo ebonakalayo. Okuhle okungamanga yi-tradeoff emaphakathi. Ku-NLST, cishe ingxenye yesine yezikrini zazilungile, futhi iningi lazo lalingewona umdlavuza. Umtshina ozwela kakhulu uphawula izindawo eziningi, okwengeza isikhathi sokufunda, ukuskena kokulandelela, ukukhathazeka kanye nezinqubo ezihlaselayo ngezikhathi ezithile. Umbono oyiphutha ojwayelekile ukuthi i-AI ixilonga umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ihlaba umkhosi futhi ilinganise ubungozi, futhi ukusampula kwezicubu kuphela okuqinisekisa umdlavuza.
I-Strategic Impact
Isivinini nesikali
I-Visual AI ingakwazi ukuhlola, ukutholwa, nokumaka imisebenzi esikalini.
Yakha ukukhetha
Amathimba aqanjiwe angakwazi ukulinganisa imiqondo ngokushesha ngezibuyekezo ezimbalwa ezenziwa mathupha.
Ithimba kanye nokusebenza komsebenzi
Imisebenzi ingasebenzisa amasiginali wesithombe nawevidiyo obekunzima ukuwenza ngaphambilini.
Ikusasa Le-AI Lung Nodule Detection
Abacwaningi bahlola ukuthi amamodeli engcuphe afana ne-Sybil angenza kanjani izikhathi zokuhlola zibe ngokwakho, nokuthi i-AI ingasiza yini izinhlelo zokuhlola ukuthi zande ngaphandle kokwengeza ngokulinganayo umthwalo womsebenzi we-radiologist. Ama-CT okuhlola aphinde abonise i-coronary calcium ne-emphysema, ngakho amathuluzi abika lokho okutholakele angase engeze inani. Ezinye izinhlelo zihlola amaqembu okuhlola ngaphandle kwemibandela esekelwe ekubhemeni, njengabantu abanomlando womndeni. Imibuzo eyinhloko evulekile ukuthi la mathuluzi asebenza kanjani ngokulindelekile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zabantu nezikena, nokuthi ingabe ehlisa umthwalo wamanga ngaphandle komdlavuza ongekho. Lobo bufakazi busanqwabelana.
Ukuqaliswa Komhlaba Wangempela
Uhlelo lokuhlola lusebenzisa isofthiwe yokuthola ku-CT yedosi ephansi ngayinye. Iphawula i-nodule engu-5 mm engxenyeni engaphezulu kwesokudla ehlezi eduze komkhumbi wegazi, lapho kulula khona ukugeja, futhi i-radiologist iyakuqinisekisa.
Isofthiwe yokukala ivolumu iqhathanisa i-nodule engu-7 mm eqinile nesikena sesiguli sangonyaka odlule futhi ibala ukushintsha kwevolumu. Lokhu kusiza isazi se-radiologist ukuthi sinikeze isigaba se-Lung-RADS kanye nesikhawu sokulandelela.
Umtholampilo wamaqhuqhuva wamaphaphu usebenzisa amaphuzu engozi ebulalayo ku-nodule engu-12 mm evele ngengozi ku-CT ephuthumayo. Amaphuzu asiza ukunquma phakathi kwe-PET-CT, i-biopsy noma ukuphinda ukuthwebula izithombe.
Uhlelo lwezempilo lusesha ama-CT esifuba aye-odwe ngenxa yezinye izizathu, njengokuhlukumezeka noma izikena zenhliziyo, futhi lihlaba umkhosi amaqhuqhuva engozi angakaze athole izincomo zokulandelela.
Izingozi & Guardrails
Amalungelo ezithombe kanye nemvume kungaba ubungozi bezomthetho uma ukuvela kungacacile.
Ukusebenza kwemodeli kungahluka kukho konke ukukhanya, izibalo zabantu, kanye nezindawo.
Okuhle okungelona iqiniso kungase kungabonakali ngaphandle uma izinga lokuzethemba liqashelwa.
Ukuqalisa Umhlahlandlela
Chaza indlela yokwamukela yokunemba, ukukhumbula, nezindleko zamaphutha.
Hlola ngedatha efana nezimo zangempela zokukhiqiza.
Engeza isibuyekezo somuntu ukuze uthole ukuzethemba okuphansi noma izibikezelo zomthelela omkhulu.
Landelela ukukhukhuleka kwemodeli bese uqinisekisa kabusha ngemva kwezinguquko zekhamera noma zesethi yedatha.
Qhubeka Uhlole
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Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Iyini i-AI Lung Nodule Detection?
Ukutholwa kwamaqhuqhuva wamaphaphu kwe-AI kusebenzisa amamodeli okubona kwekhompuyutha, ikakhulukazi amanethiwekhi emizwa ajulile, ukuthola, ukukala nokuhlola amachashaza amancane emaphashini kuma-CT scan, kanye nokulinganisa ukuthi indawo ngayinye ingaba nomdlavuza. Kubalulekile ngoba ukuhlolwa kwe-CT ngedosi ephansi kunciphisa ukufa komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kodwa iskena ngasinye sinamakhulu ezingcezu ezincane okufanele zifundwe, futhi izigaxana eziningi azinangozi. Amathuluzi athola izigaxa ngokwethembeka futhi asize ukuhlukanisa ayingozi kwalawo angenangozi athinta kokubili umdlavuza ogejiwe kanye nezinqubo zokulandelela ezingadingekile.
Esivivinyweni Sikazwelonke Sokuhlolwa Kwephaphu, umthamo ophansi we-CT waqhathaniswa neyiphi enye indlela?
I-NLST iqhathanise umthamo ophansi we-CT nge-X-ray yesifuba futhi yathola ukunciphisa ngamaphesenti angu-20 ekufeni komdlavuza wamaphaphu nge-CT.
Yiliphi ibanga leminyaka isincomo sango-2021 se-USPSTF sasibekela ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu minyaka yonke?
Isincomo sango-2021 sifaka abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-50 kuya ku-80 okungenani abanomlando wamaphekhi weminyaka engu-20 ababhemayo manje noma abayekayo phakathi neminyaka engu-15 edlule.
I-nodule engu-9 mm ivele ngenhlanhla ku-CT eyenzelwe ubuhlungu besisu. Ngokwalo mhlahlandlela, yiziphi iziqondiso ezivame ukubusa ukulandelwa kwayo?
I-Lung-RADS ihlanganisa izivivinyo zokuhlola. Ama-nodule atholwe ngenhlanhla kumaskeni enziwe ngenxa yezinye izizathu ngokuvamile aphathwa ngemihlahlandlela ye-Fleischner Society.
Yini eyenza u-Sybil, wase-MIT nase-Massachusetts General Hospital, ahluke kumtshina ojwayelekile wamanodule?
U-Sybil ubikezela ubungozi phakathi neminyaka elandelayo kusuka ekuskeneni okukodwa, kunokuba nje umake izigaxana zamanje.
Kungani ama-nodule detectors ngokuvamile ahlolwa ngamajika e-FROC?
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-FROC kuthwebula i-tradeoff phakathi kokuthola ama-nodule nokukhiqiza amamaki angamanga kusikena ngasinye.
Qhubeka ufunda
Iziqondiso ezihlobene
Imihlahlandlela eyengeziwe yalesi sihloko