UMHLAHLANDLELA Wobuchwepheshe

Ubumfihlo Obuhlukile

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile buyisiqinisekiso sezibalo sokuthi ukuhlaziya idathasethi kuveza amaphethini awusizo kuyilapho kufihlwa ukuthi ingabe idatha yomuntu oyedwa ifakiwe yini.

Uhlolojikelele

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile buyisiqinisekiso sezibalo sokuthi ukuhlaziya idathasethi kuveza amaphethini awusizo kuyilapho kufihlwa ukuthi ingabe idatha yomuntu oyedwa ifakiwe yini. Kubalulekile ngoba ivumela izinhlangano ukuthi zabelane ngezibalo futhi ziqeqeshe amamodeli ngaphandle kokudalula abantu abalandela izinombolo.

I-Differential Privacy ibhulokhi yokwakha yobuchwepheshe ethinta ikhwalithi yemodeli, izindleko zengqalasizinda, ukubambezeleka, nokuthembeka esikalini.

I-Deep Dive

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile buhlinzeka ngencazelo esemthethweni yobumfihlo: okukhiphayo kokuhlaziya kufanele kucishe kufane noma ngabe kukhona umuntu oyedwa noma akekho kudathasethi. Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngokungeza umsindo ongahleliwe olinganiswe ngokucophelela emiphumeleni noma ekubalweni, ukuze umhlaseli angakwazi ukusho ngokuzethemba ukuthi umuntu othile unikele. Amandla alawulwa ipharamitha ebizwa nge-epsilon ('ibhajethi yobumfihlo'): i-epsilon encane isho umsindo owengeziwe nobumfihlo obunamandla kodwa ukunemba okuphansi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokunambitheka eziyinhloko. Kumodeli emaphakathi, umlondolozi othembekile ubamba idatha eluhlaza futhi wengeza umsindo ezimpendulweni ezikhishiwe. Kumodeli yendawo, idatha yomuntu ngamunye izwakala kudivayisi yakhe ngaphambi kokuthi ihambe, ayidingi iqembu elimaphakathi elithenjwayo kodwa ngokuvamile lifuna umsindo owengeziwe.

I-Technical Insight

Indlela eyinhloko iwumsindo olinganiselwe, ovame ukuthathwa ekusatshalalisweni kwe-Laplace noma kwe-Gaussian, kukalwe 'kuzwelo' lombuzo — ukuthi idatha yomuntu oyedwa ingawushintsha kangakanani umphumela. Ushintsho lomuntu oyedwa kufanele lugcwaliswe ngokwezibalo yilowo msindo. Ukulahlekelwa kobumfihlo kunqwabelana kuyo yonke imibuzo, kulandelelwa isabelomali se-epsilon ngaphansi kwemithetho yokuqamba, ngakho ukuhlaziya okusha ngakunye kusebenzisa kusukela kusibonelelo esilinganiselwe. Ekufundeni komshini, i-DP-SGD yengeza umsindo kuma-gradient aqoshiwe phakathi nokuqeqeshwa ukuze ibophe noma yiliphi irekhodi elilodwa kumodeli yokugcina.

Ukuphatha Ubumfihlo Obuhlukile

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile buyisiqinisekiso sezibalo sokuthi ukuhlaziya idathasethi kuveza amaphethini awusizo kuyilapho kufihlwa ukuthi ingabe idatha yomuntu oyedwa ifakiwe yini. Kubalulekile ngoba ivumela izinhlangano ukuthi zabelane ngezibalo futhi ziqeqeshe amamodeli ngaphandle kokudalula abantu abalandela izinombolo. I-Differential Privacy ibhulokhi yokwakha yobuchwepheshe ethinta ikhwalithi yemodeli, izindleko zengqalasizinda, ukubambezeleka, nokuthembeka esikalini. Ukuze wakhe ukuqonda okujulile, phatha i-Differential Privacy njengemodeli yokusebenza, hhayi isici esisodwa: chaza imiphumela efiselekayo, ucacise ukucabanga, futhi uhlukanise lokho isistimu engakwenza ngokwethembeka kulokho okusadinga ukwahlulela kochwepheshe.

Empeleni, amaqembu aqinile asebenzisa Ubumfihlo Obuhlukile alungiselela izakhiwo, idatha, nokukhetha kwengqalasizinda ngokumelene nokuthembeka nezindleko. Babhala imibandela yempumelelo ecacile, ukuhlola okuqhathaniswa nedatha engokoqobo nokugeleza komsebenzi, futhi baphindaphinde ngokusekelwe kumaphethini okuhluleka aqashiwe esikhundleni sokuwina kwebhentshimakhi yesikhathi esisodwa. Yilapho ukuqonda kwethiyori kuguquka kube amandla ahlala njalo kuwo wonke umkhiqizo, inqubomgomo, kanye nokusebenza.

Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Ukuthuthukisa ibhentshimakhi eyodwa kungafihla ubuthakathaka obubanzi besistimu. Indlela eqine kakhulu iwukuhlanganisa isivinini sokuhlola nesiyalo sokuphatha: qhuba abashayeli bezindiza, bamba ubufakazi, ushicilele amalogi ezinqumo, futhi ubuyekeze izivikelo ngokuqhubekayo njengoba imodeli yokuziphatha, okulindelwe ngabasebenzisi, kanye nezimfuneko zokulawula zishintsha.

I-Strategic Impact

Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka.

Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.

Imfundo yobuchwepheshe isiza amaqembu ukuthi akhethe isitaki esifanele, hhayi nje esisha.

Imfundo yobuchwepheshe isiza amaqembu ukuthi akhethe isitaki esifanele, hhayi nje esisha. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.

Izinketho ezingcono zobunjiniyela zinciphisa izehlakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ekukhiqizeni.

Izinketho ezingcono zobunjiniyela zinciphisa izehlakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ekukhiqizeni. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.

Ikusasa Lobumfihlo Bomehluko

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile buphenduka ingqalasizinda evamile: izikhungo zokubala abantu, izinkundla zobuchwepheshe, nabacwaningi bezempilo baya ngokuya bekwamukela ukuze bashicilele izibalo ngokuphepha. Lindela amathuluzi angcono alandelela ngokuzenzakalelayo ibhajethi yobumfihlo, izindlela ezixubile ezihlanganisa i-DP nokufunda okuhlanganyelwe nokubala okuvikelekile, nezindlela ezithuthukisiwe zomsindo ezigcina ukunemba okwengeziwe ngeyunithi ngayinye yobumfihlo. Abalawuli nezindikimba zamazinga ziqhubekela phambili ekuboneni i-DP njengesilinganiso sedatha 'engaziwa', okungenza kube imfuneko ezenzakalelayo yokukhipha amasethi edatha abucayi namamodeli e-AI.

Ukuqaliswa Komhlaba Wangempela

I-U.S. Census Bureau ifake umsindo ohlukile wobumfihlo kuzibalo zokubalwa kwabantu zango-2020 ukuze ivikele abaphendulayo ngenkathi ishicilela idatha yabantu.

I-Apple isebenzisa ubumfihlo bokwehluka kwendawo ukuze ifunde i-emoji edumile kanye nokuthayipha amathrendi kuma-iPhone ngaphandle kokukhomba abasebenzisi abangabodwana.

Abacwaningi baqeqesha amamodeli ezokwelapha nge-DP-SGD ukuze imodeli yokugcina ingakwazi ngekhanda futhi iveze irekhodi lesiguli ngasinye.

Google's RAPPOR iqoqe izibalo zokusetshenziswa kwesiphequluli ezihlanganisiwe ngokwenza umbiko womsebenzisi ngamunye ngokungahleliwe ngaphambi kokuthi ushiye idivayisi yakhe.

Amaphethini Okusebenzisa

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile ekusebenzeni

I-U.S. Census Bureau ifake umsindo ohlukile wobumfihlo kuzibalo zokubalwa kwabantu zango-2020 ukuze ivikele abaphendulayo ngenkathi ishicilela idatha yabantu.

I-U.S. Census Bureau ifake umsindo ohlukile wobumfihlo kuzibalo zokubalwa kwabantu zango-2020 ukuze kuvikelwe abaphendulayo kuyilapho kushicilela idatha yabantu Amathimba ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka kwabantu yamacala abucayi, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile ekusebenzeni

I-Apple isebenzisa ubumfihlo bokwehluka kwendawo ukuze ifunde i-emoji edumile kanye nokuthayipha amathrendi kuma-iPhone ngaphandle kokukhomba abasebenzisi abangabodwana.

I-Apple isebenzisa ubumfihlo bendawo obuhlukile ukuze ifunde ama-emoji adumile kanye nokuthayipha okuthandwayo kuma-iPhone ngaphandle kokuhlonza abasebenzisi ngabanye Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono uma echaza izinga eliphezulu ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka yabantu yamakesi asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile ekusebenzeni

Abacwaningi baqeqesha amamodeli ezokwelapha nge-DP-SGD ukuze imodeli yokugcina ingakwazi ngekhanda futhi iveze irekhodi lesiguli ngasinye.

Abacwaningi baqeqesha amamodeli ezokwelapha nge-DP-SGD ukuze imodeli yokugcina ingakwazi ukukhumbula ngekhanda futhi iveze noma yimaphi amarekhodi esiguli ngasinye Amathimba ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza izinga eliphezulu ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka kwabantu yamacala abucayi, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ubumfihlo obuhlukile ekusebenzeni

Google's RAPPOR iqoqe izibalo zokusetshenziswa kwesiphequluli ezihlanganisiwe ngokwenza umbiko womsebenzisi ngamunye ngokungahleliwe ngaphambi kokuthi ushiye idivayisi yakhe.

GoogleI-RAPPOR ka-RAPPOR iqoqe izibalo zokusetshenziswa kwesiphequluli esihlanganisiwe ngokwenza umbiko womsebenzisi ngamunye ngokungahleliwe ngaphambi kokuthi uphume kudivayisi yakhe Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono uma echaza imikhawulo yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yezimo ezibucayi, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izingozi & Guardrails

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Ukuthuthukisa ibhentshimakhi eyodwa kungafihla ubuthakathaka obubanzi besistimu.

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Izindleko zengqalasizinda nezokulungisa zivame ukubukelwa phansi.

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Izikhala zokuphepha nokubonakala zingakhula njengoba izinhlelo ziba nzima kakhulu.

Ukuqalisa Umhlahlandlela

1

Chaza ukubambezeleka, ikhwalithi, nezindleko ezihlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa.

Chaza ukubambezeleka, ikhwalithi, nezindleko ezihlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.

2

Ibhentshimakhi ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela nezimo zedatha.

Ibhentshimakhi ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela nezimo zedatha. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.

3

Ukuqapha amathuluzi amaphutha, ukukhukhuleka, nomthelela wabasebenzisi.

Ukuqapha amathuluzi amaphutha, ukukhukhuleka, nomthelela wabasebenzisi. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.

4

Lungiselela izindlela zokuhlehlisa nezigameko ngaphambi kokukala.

Lungiselela izindlela zokuhlehlisa nezigameko ngaphambi kokukala. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.

Qhubeka Uhlole