Uhlolojikelele
I-InfiniBand iyisixhumi esinesivinini esikhulu, sokubambezeleka esiphansi esixhumanisa amaseva nama-GPU kumaqoqo e-AI, futhi i-RDMA ivumela umshini owodwa ukuthi ufunde noma ubhale inkumbulo yomunye ngaphandle kokubandakanya i-CPU. Ngokuhlangene zingamapayipi agcina izinkulungwane zama-GPU zondliwa ngedatha ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwamamodeli amakhulu.
I-InfiniBand ne-RDMA Networking iyibhulokhi yokwakha yobuchwepheshe ethinta ikhwalithi yamamodeli, izindleko zengqalasizinda, ukubambezeleka, nokuthembeka esikalini.
I-Deep Dive
Uma uqeqesha imodeli ezinkulungwaneni zama-GPU, inethiwekhi ivamise ukuba yibhodlela, hhayi ama-chips. I-InfiniBand iyinhloso yendwangu eshintshiwe eyakhelwe lokhu: inikeza umkhawulokudonsa wesixhumanisi ngasinye kumakhulukhulu amagigabhithi ngomzuzwana (i-NDR isebenza ku-400 Gb/s) kanye ne-microsecond-scale latency. Iqhinga layo elingukhiye I-Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA), ehambisa idatha ngokuqondile phakathi kwenkumbulo yamanodi amabili, idlule i-kernel yesistimu yokusebenza namakhophi e-CPU abambezela i-TCP/IP evamile. Le 'kernel bypass' ikhulula imijikelezo ye-CPU futhi inciphise ukubambezeleka. I-InfiniBand iphinde inikeze ngokulawula ukugeleza kwehadiwe kwendwangu engalahleki, futhi amaswishi e-NVIDIA's Quantum kanye nama-adaptha e-ConnectX abusa amakhompyutha amakhulu e-AI. I-RoCE (i-RDMA phezu kwe-Converged Ethernet) iletha izinzuzo ezifanayo ze-RDMA kumanethiwekhi e-Ethernet.
I-Technical Insight
I-RDMA isebenza ngezenzo namapheya olayini. Isicelo sithumela izicelo zomsebenzi zokuthumela nokwamukela imigqa; i-adaptha yenethiwekhi (i-HCA) iyazifunda futhi idlulisele idatha ngokuqondile ezindaweni ezibhaliswe ngaphambili, eziphiniwe kumsingathi wesilawuli kude. Ngenxa yokuthi i-NIC iphethe ukudluliswa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha futhi i-OS kernel idlulwa, akhona amakhophi edatha ayiziro futhi awekho i-CPU yephakethe ngalinye eliphazamisayo ekudlulisweni kwenqwaba. Isixhumanisi sesendlalelo se-InfiniBand sokulawula ukugeleza okusekelwe kukhredithi kuvimbela ukuchichima kwe-buffer, okwenza indwangu ingalahleki ngaphandle kweziphepho zokudlulisela kabusha.
I-Mastering InfiniBand kanye ne-RDMA Networking
I-InfiniBand iyisixhumi esinesivinini esikhulu, sokubambezeleka esiphansi esixhumanisa amaseva nama-GPU kumaqoqo e-AI, futhi i-RDMA ivumela umshini owodwa ukuthi ufunde noma ubhale inkumbulo yomunye ngaphandle kokubandakanya i-CPU. Ngokuhlangene zingamapayipi agcina izinkulungwane zama-GPU zondliwa ngedatha ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwamamodeli amakhulu. I-InfiniBand ne-RDMA Networking iyibhulokhi yokwakha yobuchwepheshe ethinta ikhwalithi yamamodeli, izindleko zengqalasizinda, ukubambezeleka, nokuthembeka esikalini. Ukuze wakhe ukuqonda okujulile, phatha i-InfiniBand ne-RDMA Networking njengemodeli yokusebenza, hhayi isici esisodwa: chaza imiphumela efiselekayo, ucacise ukucabanga, futhi uhlukanise lokho uhlelo olungakwenza ngokwethembeka kulokho okusadinga ukwahlulela kochwepheshe.
Empeleni, amaqembu aqinile asebenzisa i-InfiniBand ne-RDMA Networking athuthukisa ukwakheka, idatha, nokukhetha kwengqalasizinda ngokumelene nokuthembeka nezindleko. Babhala imibandela yempumelelo ecacile, ukuhlola okuqhathaniswa nedatha engokoqobo nokugeleza komsebenzi, futhi baphindaphinde ngokusekelwe kumaphethini okuhluleka aqashiwe esikhundleni sokuwina kwebhentshimakhi yesikhathi esisodwa. Yilapho ukuqonda kwethiyori kuguquka kube amandla ahlala njalo kuwo wonke umkhiqizo, inqubomgomo, kanye nokusebenza.
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Ukuthuthukisa ibhentshimakhi eyodwa kungafihla ubuthakathaka obubanzi besistimu. Indlela eqine kakhulu iwukuhlanganisa isivinini sokuhlola nesiyalo sokuphatha: qhuba abashayeli bezindiza, bamba ubufakazi, ushicilele amalogi ezinqumo, futhi ubuyekeze izivikelo ngokuqhubekayo njengoba imodeli yokuziphatha, okulindelwe ngabasebenzisi, kanye nezimfuneko zokulawula zishintsha.
I-Strategic Impact
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka.
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Imfundo yobuchwepheshe isiza amaqembu ukuthi akhethe isitaki esifanele, hhayi nje esisha.
Imfundo yobuchwepheshe isiza amaqembu ukuthi akhethe isitaki esifanele, hhayi nje esisha. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Izinketho ezingcono zobunjiniyela zinciphisa izehlakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ekukhiqizeni.
Izinketho ezingcono zobunjiniyela zinciphisa izehlakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ekukhiqizeni. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Ukuqaliswa Komhlaba Wangempela
Ukuxhuma izinkulungwane zama-GPU kukhompuyutha enkulu ye-AI ukuze idatha ye-gradient ihambe phakathi kwama-node kuma-microsecond ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa esabalalisiwe
Ukuvumela iseva eyodwa ukuthi ifunde inkumbulo yomunye ngokuqondile (i-RDMA) ukuze kusheshiswe amasistimu wefayela asabalalisiwe kanye nemininingwane yolwazi ngaphandle kwe-CPU ngaphezulu.
Isebenzisa i-NCCL yokwehlisa konke ukusebenza nge-InfiniBand ukuze ivumelanise izisindo zemodeli kulo lonke iqoqo le-GPU
Ukusebenzisa i-RoCE ukuletha ukudluliswa kwesitayela esiphansi se-RDMA kumanethiwekhi akhona esikhungo sedatha se-Ethernet
Amaphethini Okusebenzisa
I-InfiniBand ne-RDMA Networking isebenza
Ixhuma izinkulungwane zama-GPU kukhompuyutha enkulu ye-AI ukuze idatha ye-gradient ihambe phakathi kwamanodi kuma-microsecond ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa esabalalisiwe.
Ukuxhuma izinkulungwane zama-GPU kukhompuyutha enkulu ye-AI ukuze idatha ye-gradient ihambe phakathi kwama-node kuma-microsecond phakathi nokuqeqeshwa okusabalalisiwe Amathimba ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka komuntu yamakesi asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-InfiniBand ne-RDMA Networking isebenza
Ukuvumela iseva eyodwa ukuthi ifunde inkumbulo yomunye ngokuqondile (i-RDMA) ukuze kusheshiswe izinhlelo zamafayela asabalalisiwe nezizindalwazi ngaphandle kwe-CPU ngaphezulu.
Ukuvumela iseva eyodwa ukuthi ifunde inkumbulo yomunye ngokuqondile (i-RDMA) ukuze kusheshiswe izinhlelo zamafayela asabalalisiwe nezingosi zolwazi ngaphandle kwe-CPU ephezulu Amathimba ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yamacala asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-InfiniBand ne-RDMA Networking isebenza
Isebenzisa i-NCCL yokunciphisa konke ukusebenza nge-InfiniBand ukuze ivumelanise izisindo zemodeli kulo lonke iqoqo le-GPU.
Ukusebenzisa i-NCCL yokunciphisa konke ukusebenza nge-InfiniBand ukuze uvumelanise izisindo zemodeli kuwo wonke amaQembu eqoqo le-GPU ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono uma echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yamakesi asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-InfiniBand ne-RDMA Networking isebenza
Ukusebenzisa i-RoCE ukuletha ukudluliswa kwesitayela esiphansi se-RDMA kumanethiwekhi akhona esikhungo sedatha se-Ethernet.
Ukusebenzisa i-RoCE ukuletha ukudluliswa kwesitayela esiphansi se-RDMA kumanethiwekhi esikhungo sedatha se-Ethernet Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka kwabantu yamacala asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izingozi & Guardrails
Ukuthuthukisa ibhentshimakhi eyodwa kungafihla ubuthakathaka obubanzi besistimu.
Izindleko zengqalasizinda nezokulungisa zivame ukubukelwa phansi.
Izikhala zokuphepha nokubonakala zingakhula njengoba izinhlelo ziba nzima kakhulu.
Ukuqalisa Umhlahlandlela
Chaza ukubambezeleka, ikhwalithi, nezindleko ezihlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa.
Chaza ukubambezeleka, ikhwalithi, nezindleko ezihlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Ibhentshimakhi ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela nezimo zedatha.
Ibhentshimakhi ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela nezimo zedatha. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Ukuqapha amathuluzi amaphutha, ukukhukhuleka, nomthelela wabasebenzisi.
Ukuqapha amathuluzi amaphutha, ukukhukhuleka, nomthelela wabasebenzisi. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Lungiselela izindlela zokuhlehlisa nezigameko ngaphambi kokukala.
Lungiselela izindlela zokuhlehlisa nezigameko ngaphambi kokukala. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.