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I-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning

I-QLoRA iwubuchule obukuvumela ukuthi ushune kahle imodeli yolimi olukhulu ku-GPU yomthengi oyedwa ngokugcina imodeli efriziwe ngamabhithi angu-4 ngesisindo.

Uhlolojikelele

I-QLoRA iwubuchule obukuvumela ukuthi ushune kahle imodeli yolimi olukhulu ku-GPU yomthengi oyedwa ngokugcina imodeli efriziwe ngamabhithi angu-4 ngesisindo. Kwenze ukwenza ngokwezifiso amamodeli wepharamitha angu-65B kwenzeke ku-hardware ngaphambili ebekwazi ukuphatha amamodeli ingxenye encane yalowo sayizi.

I-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning iyingxenye yesitaki solimi-AI esetshenziselwa ukufunda, ukukhiqiza, ukuhlukanisa, nokuguqula umbhalo nenkulumo ngezikali.

I-Deep Dive

Imvamisa, ukulungisa kahle imodeli enkulu kusho ukulayisha sonke isisindo ngokunemba okungu-16-bit nokuyibuyekeza yonke, okudinga inkumbulo enkulu. I-QLoRA ihlanganisa imibono emibili. Okokuqala, imisa imodeli eqeqeshwe kusengaphambili futhi iyilinganisele phansi ibe amabhithi angu-4, inqamula inkumbulo ngokuphindwe kane. Okwesibili, isebenzisa i-LoRA: esikhundleni sokubuyekeza omatikuletsheni abakhulu besisindo, ijova omatikuletsheni be-adaptha bezinga eliphansi abaqeqeshekayo eduze kwabo, ngakho izigidi ezimbalwa zamapharamitha ziyabuyekezwa. Isisekelo se-4-bit sihlala singashintshi ngenkathi ama-gradient egeleza kuphela kuma-adaptha amancane. Yethulwe ngo-2023 ngabakwaDettmers kanye nozakwabo, i-QLoRA yabonisa ukuthi ukulungisa kahle imodeli engu-65B ku-48GB GPU eyodwa kungase kufane nekhwalithi yokucushwa kahle kwe-16-bit.

I-Technical Insight

I-QLoRA yethula amaqhinga amathathu. I-NF4 (4-bit NormalFloat) iwuhlobo lwedatha oluthuthukiselwe ukusatshalaliswa kwe-bell-curve yezisindo ze-neural, okunikeza ukunemba okungcono kune-int4 engenalutho. Ukulinganisa okuphindwe kabili kucindezela ama-quantization constants ngokwawo, konga inkumbulo eyengeziwe. Izilungiseleli ezifakwe ekhasini zisebenzisa inkumbulo ehlanganisiwe ye-GPU-CPU ukuze zimunce ama-spikes phakathi nokulandelana okude, zigweme ukuphahlazeka kwenkumbulo. Ngesikhathi sokudlula okuya phambili nangemuva, izisindo ezingu-4-bit ziyenziwa zibe yi-16-bit ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze i-matrix iphindaphindeke, bese ilahlwa.

I-Mastering QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning

I-QLoRA iwubuchule obukuvumela ukuthi ushune kahle imodeli yolimi olukhulu ku-GPU yomthengi oyedwa ngokugcina imodeli efriziwe ngamabhithi angu-4 ngesisindo. Kwenze ukwenza ngokwezifiso amamodeli wepharamitha angu-65B kwenzeke ku-hardware ngaphambili ebekwazi ukuphatha amamodeli ingxenye encane yalowo sayizi. I-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning iyingxenye yesitaki solimi-AI esetshenziselwa ukufunda, ukukhiqiza, ukuhlukanisa, nokuguqula umbhalo nenkulumo ngezikali. Ukuze wakhe ukuqonda okujulile, phatha i-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning njengemodeli yokusebenza, hhayi isici esisodwa: chaza imiphumela oyifunayo, ucacise ukucabanga, futhi uhlukanise lokho isistimu engakwenza ngokwethembeka kulokho okusadinga ukwahlulela kochwepheshe.

Empeleni, amaqembu aqinile asebenzisa i-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning design iyala, ukubuyisa, nokubuyekeza ama-loops njengohlelo olulodwa lokuxhumana oludidiyelwe. Babhala imibandela yempumelelo ecacile, ukuhlola okuqhathaniswa nedatha engokoqobo nokugeleza komsebenzi, futhi baphindaphinde ngokusekelwe kumaphethini okuhluleka aqashiwe esikhundleni sokuwina kwebhentshimakhi yesikhathi esisodwa. Yilapho ukuqonda kwethiyori kuguquka kube amandla ahlala njalo kuwo wonke umkhiqizo, inqubomgomo, kanye nokusebenza.

Ukugeleza komsebenzi wolimi kungahamba ngokushesha ngaphandle kokudela ukuvumelana. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaqiniso Akhohliwe angafaka imibiko buthule, ukugeleza kosekelo, noma imiphumela yocwaningo. Indlela eqine kakhulu iwukuhlanganisa isivinini sokuhlola nesiyalo sokuphatha: qhuba abashayeli bezindiza, bamba ubufakazi, ushicilele amalogi ezinqumo, futhi ubuyekeze izivikelo ngokuqhubekayo njengoba imodeli yokuziphatha, okulindelwe ngabasebenzisi, kanye nezimfuneko zokulawula zishintsha.

I-Strategic Impact

Ukugeleza komsebenzi wolimi kungahamba ngokushesha ngaphandle kokudela ukuvumelana.

Ukugeleza komsebenzi wolimi kungahamba ngokushesha ngaphandle kokudela ukuvumelana. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.

Yandisa ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izilimi nezitayela zokuxhumana.

Yandisa ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izilimi nezitayela zokuxhumana. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.

Amaqembu angachitha isikhathi esiningi ekwahluleleni kuyilapho i-automation isingatha impinda.

Amaqembu angachitha isikhathi esiningi ekwahluleleni kuyilapho i-automation isingatha impinda. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.

Ikusasa le-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning

4-bit fine-tuning isiphenduke umkhuba ojwayelekile, futhi ucwaningo manje luphushela ekunembeni okuphansi ngisho nangaphezulu, okufaka phakathi izethulo ezingu-2-bit kanye no-1-bit (ternary). Izikimu ezintsha zokulinganisa ezifana ne-AWQ, GPTQ, ne-HQQ ziphucula ukunemba ngokuqhubekayo, kuyilapho amasu afana ne-QA-LoRA ehlose ukugcina imodeli ilinganiselwe ngisho nangemva kokuhlanganisa ama-adaptha. Njengoba amamodeli anesisindo esivulekile ekhula, lindela ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuvumela abathanda ukuzilibazisa ukuthi bashune kahle amamodeli we-70B-plus ku-GPU eyodwa yokudlala ukuze abe umkhuba, okwenza intando yeningi ngokwezifiso.

Ukuqaliswa Komhlaba Wangempela

Isiqalisi sishuna kahle imodeli ye-70B Llama ku-48GB GPU eyodwa ukuze kwakhiwe umsizi wosekelo lwekhasimende ngephimbo layo lomkhiqizo ngaphandle kokuqasha iqoqo leseva.

Umcwaningi onomthengi oyedwa i-RTX 4090 uvumelanisa imodeli evulekile kudathasethi ye-niche yokuphendula imibuzo yezokwelapha ngobusuku obubodwa.

Unjiniyela udala inqwaba yama-adaptha e-LoRA amancane, ashintshwayo emisebenzi ehlukene, wonke abelana ngemodeli eyodwa yesisekelo esingu-4-bit elayishwe kumemori.

Umuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa ushuna kahle imodeli kumalogi akhe engxoxo ukuze alingise isitayela esithile sokubhala esebenzisa ihadiwe yamahhala ye-Colab-grade.

Amaphethini Okusebenzisa

I-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning iyasebenza

Isiqalisi sishuna kahle imodeli ye-70B Llama ku-48GB GPU eyodwa ukuze kwakhiwe umsizi wosekelo lwekhasimende ngephimbo layo lomkhiqizo ngaphandle kokuqasha iqoqo leseva.

Isiqalisi sishuna kahle imodeli ye-70B Llama ku-48GB GPU eyodwa ukuze kwakhiwe umsizi wokwesekwa kwamakhasimende ngephimbo layo lomkhiqizo ngaphandle kokuqasha iqoqo lesiphakeli Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono uma echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka komuntu ngamacala asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning iyasebenza

Umcwaningi onomthengi oyedwa i-RTX 4090 uvumelanisa imodeli evulekile kudathasethi ye-niche yokuphendula imibuzo yezokwelapha ngobusuku obubodwa.

Umcwaningi onomthengi oyedwa i-RTX 4090 uvumelanisa imodeli evulekile kudathasethi ye-niche yempendulo yemibuzo yezokwelapha ngobusuku obubodwa Amathimba ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono uma echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka komuntu yezimo ezibucayi, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning iyasebenza

Unjiniyela udala inqwaba yama-adaptha e-LoRA amancane, ashintshwayo emisebenzi ehlukene, wonke abelana ngemodeli eyodwa yesisekelo esingu-4-bit elayishwe kumemori.

Umthuthukisi udala inqwaba yama-adaptha e-LoRA amancane, aguquguqukayo emisebenzi ehlukene, wonke abelana ngemodeli eyodwa ye-4-bit elayishwe kumemori Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yamacala asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

I-QLoRA kanye ne-4-Bit Fine-Tuning iyasebenza

Umuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa ushuna kahle imodeli kumalogi akhe engxoxo ukuze alingise isitayela esithile sokubhala esebenzisa ihadiwe yamahhala ye-Colab-grade.

Umuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa ushuna kahle imodeli kumalogi akhe engxoxo ukuze alingise isitayela esithile sokubhala esebenzisa i-Hardware ye-Colab-grade yamahhala Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka yabantu yamakesi asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izingozi & Guardrails

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Amaqiniso akhonjiwe angafaka ngokuthula imibiko, ukugeleza kosekelo, noma imiphumela yocwaningo.

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Ukuzwela okusheshayo kungadala imiphumela engahambisani kuzo zonke izicelo ezifanayo.

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Idatha yombhalo ebucayi ingase idalulwe uma izilawuli zokufinyelela zibuthakathaka.

Ukuqalisa Umhlahlandlela

1

Chaza ifomethi yokuphumayo, ithoni, namazinga wekhwalithi ngaphambi kokukhishwa.

Chaza ifomethi yokuphumayo, ithoni, namazinga wekhwalithi ngaphambi kokukhishwa. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.

2

Izimpendulo eziyisisekelo ngemithombo ethembekile noma nini lapho ukunemba kubalulekile.

Izimpendulo eziyisisekelo ngemithombo ethembekile noma nini lapho ukunemba kubalulekile. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.

3

Gcina indawo yokuhlola isibuyekezo somuntu ukuze uthole imiphumela ephezulu.

Gcina indawo yokuhlola isibuyekezo somuntu ukuze uthole imiphumela ephezulu. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.

4

Landela amaphethini okuhluleka futhi uqeqeshe kabusha imiyalo noma ukuhamba komsebenzi njalo.

Landela amaphethini okuhluleka futhi uqeqeshe kabusha imiyalo noma ukuhamba komsebenzi njalo. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.

Qhubeka Uhlole

ChatGPT nama-LLM

Bona ukuthi amamodeli olimi esimanje akhiqiza kanjani futhi acabange.

Funda Umhlahlandlela

Izisekelo ze-NLP

Funda okuyisisekelo kokucubungula ulimi ngemuva kwalawa mathuluzi.

Funda Umhlahlandlela