Kwenzekeni
Ukubuyekezwa Komthetho Kazwelonke kubika ukuthi abaqashi babhekene nesibopho sezomthetho esikhulayo sezinqumo zokuqashwa eziqhutshwa yi-AI, njengoba imithetho yenhlangano emelene nokucwasa isetshenziswa kumathuluzi e-algorithmic kanye nemithetho emisha yezinga lombuso iqala ukusebenza. Umbiko ugqamisa ukuthi abaqashi abakwazi ukunikeza isikweletu kubathengisi bezinkampani zangaphandle, ucaphuna icala eliqhubekayo le-Mobley v. Workday, Inc. njengesandulela esibalulekile sokuthi izinkantolo zihlola kanjani isikweletu esisekelwe kumenzeli ekuqashweni kwe-AI.
Ukubuyekezwa Komthetho Kazwelonke kuphawula ukuthi i-AI manje isihlanganiswe nomjikelezo wokuphila ogcwele wokuqashwa, okuhlanganisa ukugibela, ukuhlela, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza, kanye nokuyekiswa. Izimiso zikahulumeni ezifana nesihloko VII, uMthetho WaseMelika Abakhubazekile (ADA), kanye Nomthetho Wokucwaswa Kweminyaka Emsebenzini (ADEA) zisetshenziswa kulawa mathuluzi, ezidinga ukuthi noma iyiphi indlela yokukhetha ihlobene nomsebenzi futhi ihambisane nesidingo sebhizinisi.
Umbiko ugqamisa icala le-Mobley v. Workday, Inc., lapho inkantolo ivumele izimangalo ukuthi ziqhubeke ngokumelene nomthengisi ngaphansi kwethiyori 'ye-ejenti' yesikweletu. Okubaluleke kakhulu, umbiko uxwayisa ngokuthi abaqashi abanenkontileka nabathengisi abanjalo bangase babekwe icala ngezinqumo ze-AI, kuye ngamalungiselelo abo enkontileka athile.
Umsebenzi wezinga lombuso uyakhula, njengoba i-Illinois, New York City, California, neColorado isebenzisa imithetho ethile yokuqashwa kwe-AI. Le mithethonqubo ivamise ukudinga ukubeka izinto obala, isaziso kubafakisicelo, futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa kwengozi okuyimpoqo kobuchwepheshe bokwenza izinqumo okuzenzakalelayo.
Ngale kokuqashwa, umbiko uhlonza izingozi zokugcina isikhathi ngokuzenzakalelayo nokuqapha umkhiqizo, okungaholela ekwephulweni kweholo nehora uma ama-algorithms ehluleka ukuthatha sonke isikhathi esinxeshezelwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathuluzi okuqapha angase angqubuzane noMthetho Kazwelonke Wobudlelwano Bezabasebenzi (NLRA) uma esetshenziselwa ukupholisa inhlangano evikelekile yabasebenzi.
Imininingwane yomthombo: natlawreview.com ↗
Kungani kubalulekile
Lo mbiko ubalulekile ngoba ucacisa ukuthi imithetho yenhlangano efana nesihloko VII, i-ADA, kanye ne-ADEA ihlala ingathathi hlangothi kwezobuchwepheshe, okusho ukuthi abaqashi banesibopho semiphumela ebandlululayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umuntu noma ithuluzi le-AI lenza isinqumo. Ngemithetho emisha, eqinile yokuqashwa kwe-AI ezifundazweni ezifana ne-Illinois, New York, California, neColorado, izinkampani zibhekene nesimo sokuthobela imithetho eyinkimbinkimbi. Ukwehluleka ukubusa amathuluzi e-AI—kusukela ekuhloleni ama-bots kuya kubaqaphi bokukhiqiza—kungaholela ekuchayekeni okungokomthetho okubalulekile, okuhlanganisa ukumangalelwa kwezigaba kanye nezenzo zokuqinisa umthetho. Abaqashi manje kufanele baphathe amarekhodi okuqashwa akhiqizwe yi-AI ngokuhlolisisa okufanayo namafayela ezisebenzi zendabuko ukuze banciphise ubungozi obuhlobene nokuchema, ukwephulwa kweholo nehora, kanye nokuvikelwa komthetho wezabasebenzi.
Okubalulekile okuthathayo ukuthi 'isihlangu' esisemthethweni sokukhishwa kwabathengisi siyehluleka. Abaqashi baya ngokuya babophezeleka emiphumeleni yamathuluzi e-AI abawasebenzisayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bayayiqonda i- eyisisekelo.
Ukushintshela ekuhloleni ubungozi okuphoqelekile kanye nokwenza izinto obala, ikakhulukazi eCalifornia naseColorado, kuphoqa abaqashi ukuthi basuke ekwamukelweni kancane kwamathuluzi e-AI baye ekubuseni okusebenzayo nasekucwaningweni kwezitaki zabo zobuchwepheshe be-HR.
Ukusetshenziswa okungase kube khona kwe-FCRA emibikweni yekhandidethi ekhiqizwe yi-AI kumele enkulu, engaxazululiwe yengozi engokomthetho engabeka izidingo zokudalulwa okuqinile nokugunyazwa ezinkampanini ezisebenzisa ukuhlaziya okubikezelwayo ukuze kuqashwe.
I-Interactive Mechanism: Indlela Esebenza Ngayo Ngempela
Hlola ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo ngemuva kwalokhu kuthuthukiswa ngokuhlanganyela.
crm_get_transaction(id='4092').Impossibility results in algorithmic fairness (e.g. Kleinberg et al., Chouldechova) show what?
Ongakubuka ngokulandelayo
Abaqashi kufanele baqaphe ukuhunyushwa okuthuthukayo kwe-Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) mayelana nokuthi imibiko yekhandidethi ekhiqizwe yi-AI ihlanganisa 'imibiko yabathengi.' Ukwengeza, amabhizinisi kufanele alungiselele umnqamulajuqu wangoJanuwari 1, 2027, wokuthobela imithetho emisha yobuchwepheshe bokuthatha izinqumo (ADMT) e-California naseColorado, ezogunyaza ukuhlolwa kwengozi, izimfuneko zezaziso, nezindlela zokuphuma kubasebenzi.
Buka ezinye izinqumo zokwahlulela ecaleni le-Mobley v. Workday, okungenzeka libeke izinga lokuthi ungakanani umthwalo wemfanelo abaqashi ngezenzo zabathengisi babo be-AI.
Gada ukusetshenziswa kwemithetho ye-ADMT ye-California Privacy Protection Agency njengoba kufika umnqamulajuqu wokuthobelana nomhla ka-1 Januwari 2027, njengoba lokhu kungase kusebenze njengemodeli kwezinye izindawo.
Qaphela ukuthi ama-ejensi wombuso noma izinkantolo ziyasinikeza yini isiqondiso esiqondile sokuthi ingabe ubuntu obushayelwa yi-AI kanye namathuluzi okuhlola enkundla yezokuxhumana awela ngaphansi koMthetho Wokubika Ngesikweletu Okulungile.