Kwenzekeni
UMbusi uGavin Newsom umemezele ithimba lochwepheshe abazokweluleka ngomyalo omkhulu we-AI waseCalifornia, okuhloswe ngawo ukusheshisa ukwengamela okuzimele kanye nokuthuthukisa 'i-switch switch' yamamodeli e-AI asemngceleni.
UMbusi uGavin Newsom umemezele iqembu lochwepheshe abahamba phambili abazokweluleka ngezincomo ezidingwa yi-AI yakhe yakamuva. Lo myalelo uhlose ukusheshisa ukwengamela okuzimele kwezinkampani ze-AI nokuqhubekisela phambili ukwakhiwa 'kweswishi yokubulala' engaba khona yamamodeli akhohlakele asemngceleni. Iqembu lochwepheshe, elihlanganisa abantu abavela kwezobuchwepheshe, inqubomgomo, kanye nokubusa, lizosebenzisana nabacwaningi bezobuchwepheshe ukuze baqondise ukuphepha kwe-AI yaseCalifornia nokuphatha kwezokuphepha.
Iziphakamiso ezicatshangelwayo zifaka phakathi ukudinga izinkampani zangaphandle ezizimele ukuthi zishunyekwe ezinkampanini ze-AI ezisemngceleni ukuze ziqinisekise izinhlaka zokuphepha futhi zihlole ngokuzimela ukuhlolwa kokuphepha. Ukwengeza, lo myalo uqondisa i-Ejensi Yokusebenza Kahulumeni ukuthi isheshise izikhathi zokuqalisa ukusetshenziswa koMthethosivivinywa Wezigele 813 kanye noMthethosivivinywa Womhlangano 1405, osungula izinhlaka zezinhlangano ezizimele zokuqinisekisa kanye nerejista yezwe yabahloli bamabhuku be-AI, ngokulandelana.
Ochwepheshe abamenyezelwe bahlanganisa uJason Goldman, owake waba yiSikhulu Esiphezulu SeDigital House; UGillian Hadfield, uprofesa e-Johns Hopkins University egxile ekuqondaneni kwe-AI; U-Alondra Nelson, uprofesa e-Institute for Advanced Study; kanye noRob Reich, uprofesa eStanford University. Laba bantu bazosiza ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kumakhono athuthukayo e-AI futhi babhekane nokukhathazeka okuphathelene nokuphepha nokuphepha.
Imininingwane yomthombo: gov.ca.gov ↗
Kungani kubalulekile
Lesi sinyathelo sisungula indlela ebambekayo yezinga lombuso yokuqinisekisa okuzimele kwezimangalo zokuphepha kwe-AI namandla okuvalwa okuphuthumayo, kubhekwane negebe elibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokulawula zamanje lapho ukugadwa kombuso kungekho noma kukhawulelwe. Kubonisa ukushintshela ekuhloleni kwamabhuku ezinkampani zangaphandle kanye nezilawuli zokuphepha zokuphepha zezinhlelo ze-AI eziyingozi kakhulu.
I-California izimisa njengomholi kumthethonqubo we-AI ngokudala indlela ehlelekile yokuqinisekisa okuzimele kanye nekhono lokuvala shaqa izimo eziphuthumayo. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba awukho umthetho wenhlangano okwamanje odinga izinkampani ze-AI ukuthi zibike izehlakalo eziyingozi noma zigunyaze izilawuli ezithile zokuphepha zamamodeli asemngceleni.
Ukwethulwa komqondo we-'kill switch' wamamodeli asemngceleni umele isilawuli esisebenzayo sobuchwepheshe esinganciphisa izingozi ezihlobene nokuziphatha kwe-AI okuzimele noma okukhohlakele. Ngokushumeka izinkampani zangaphandle ezizimele ezinkampanini ze-AI, umbuso uhlose ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izimangalo zokuphepha ziqinisekiswa amabhizinisi angenaso isabelo sezimali empumelelweni yenkampani.
Lo myalelo wokuphatha wakhela phezu komthetho okhona wase-California, okuhlanganisa i-SB 53 (Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act) kanye ne-SB 813, edala uhlaka lokulawula olubanzi oluhlanganisa ukuphepha kwemodeli yasemngceleni, ukugada okuzimele, namazinga okuphepha kwezingane. Ihlinzeka ngemodeli kwezinye izifundazwe kanye nohulumeni wobumbano okungenzeka ukuthi awulandele.
I-Interactive Mechanism: Indlela Esebenza Ngayo Ngempela
Hlola ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo ngemuva kwalokhu kuthuthukiswa ngokuhlanganyela.
crm_get_transaction(id='4092').Impossibility results in algorithmic fairness (e.g. Kleinberg et al., Chouldechova) show what?
Ongakubuka ngokulandelayo
Buka izincomo ezithile zobuchwepheshe mayelana nokusebenzisa 'iswishi yokubulala', umugqa wesikhathi wokusetshenziswa kwe-SB 813 ne-AB 1405, kanye nanoma iyiphi impendulo yenhlangano kuhlaka lokulawula i-AI lwe-California olwandayo.
Ukucaciswa okuqondile kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuba nokwenzeka kwe-'kill switch' ehlongozwayo yamamodeli asemngceleni kuzoba indawo ebalulekile okugxilwe kuyo. Ukuthi le ndlela izosetshenziswa kanjani kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo ze-AI nezinkampani kusazonqunywa.
Umugqa wesikhathi wokusetshenziswa kwe-SB 813 kanye ne-AB 1405 ubalulekile. Ukusheshisa le migqa yesikhathi kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphambilini kwezinhlangano ezizimele zokuqinisekisa kanye nerejista yomcwaningi mabhuku we-AI, okungaba nemithelela esheshayo endleleni izinkampani ze-AI ezisebenza ngayo eCalifornia.
Ukusabela okuvela embonini ye-AI kanye nohulumeni wobumbano kuhlaka lokulawula olukhulayo lwase-California kuzobaluleka. Umbusi ucele uKhongolose kanye noMongameli ukuthi bamukele noma basebenzise uhlaka lwase-California njengesisekelo samazinga kazwelonke, okungase kuholele ekuthuthukisweni kwenqubomgomo okuqhubekayo noma izingxabano.