Dubawa
NVLink da haɗin haɗin gwiwa masu alaƙa sune manyan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke barin yawancin GPUs suyi magana da juna kai tsaye da sauri. Suna da mahimmanci saboda horarwa da bautar manyan samfuran AI na buƙatar ɗaruruwa ko dubunnan GPUs suyi aiki kamar babban mai haɓakawa ɗaya.
NVLink da GPU Interconnects tubalin ginin fasaha ne wanda ke shafar ingancin samfuri, farashin kayayyakin more rayuwa, latency, da aminci a sikeli.
Zurfafa nutsewa
GPU guda ɗaya ba zai iya ɗaukar manyan samfura ba, don haka an raba su cikin kwakwalwan kwamfuta da yawa waɗanda dole ne koyaushe musanya bayanai, kamar ma'auni, gradients, da kunnawa. Daidaitaccen bas ɗin PCIe ya yi jinkiri sosai don wannan, don haka NVIDIA ta ƙirƙiri NVLink, hanyar haɗin GPU-zuwa-GPU kai tsaye tana ba da bandwidth mafi girma da ƙarancin latency. NVSwitch kwakwalwan kwamfuta suna fadada wannan zuwa masana'anta don haka kowane GPU a cikin uwar garken zai iya isa ga kowane ɗayan a cikin cikakken sauri, yana juya GPUs takwas zuwa babban ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ɗaya da ƙididdige tafkin. A sikelin rack, tsarin kamar NVIDIA's NVL72 suna haɗa yawancin GPUs akan yanki na NVLink haɗin gwiwa. Bayan rakiyar guda ɗaya, fasahar sadarwar kamar InfiniBand da Ethernet (sau da yawa tare da RDMA) suna ɗaure dubunnan nodes cikin gungu. Ingancin waɗannan haɗin haɗin kai kai tsaye yana iyakance girman girman da yadda samfuran sauri zasu iya horarwa.
Fahimtar Fasaha
NVLink yana ba da hanyoyin sadaukar-zuwa-aya tsakanin GPUs tare da bandwidth sau da yawa na PCIe da ƙananan latency, barin GPUs su karanta ƙwaƙwalwar juna kusan kamar na gida ne. NVSwitch yana aiki kamar babban mashaya mai sauri don haka duk GPUs a cikin kumburi suna sadarwa mara toshewa a cikakken bandwidth. Ayyukan gama-gari kamar su duka-rage, waɗanda jimlar gradients a cikin GPUs yayin horo, suna gudana da sauri akan wannan masana'anta, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa haɗin haɗin haɗin gwiwar yana da tasiri sosai yadda ma'aunin horo ga kwakwalwan kwamfuta da yawa.
Jagorar NVLink da GPU Interconnects
NVLink da haɗin haɗin gwiwa masu alaƙa sune manyan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke barin yawancin GPUs suyi magana da juna kai tsaye da sauri. Suna da mahimmanci saboda horarwa da bautar manyan samfuran AI na buƙatar ɗaruruwa ko dubunnan GPUs suyi aiki kamar babban mai haɓakawa ɗaya. NVLink da GPU Interconnects tubalin ginin fasaha ne wanda ke shafar ingancin samfuri, farashin kayayyakin more rayuwa, latency, da aminci a sikeli. Don gina zurfin fahimta, kula da NVLink da GPU Interconnects azaman samfurin aiki, ba sifa ɗaya ba: ayyana sakamakon da ake so, fayyace zato, da raba abin da tsarin zai iya yi da dogaro daga abin da har yanzu yana buƙatar yanke hukunci na ƙwararru.
A aikace, ƙungiyoyi masu ƙarfi da ke amfani da NVLink da GPU Interconnects suna haɓaka gine-gine, bayanai, da zaɓin abubuwan more rayuwa akan dogaro da farashi. Suna rubuta ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin nasara, gwaji akan bayanan gaskiya da gudanawar aiki, da jujjuyawar bisa ga tsarin gazawar da aka lura maimakon cin nasara na lokaci ɗaya. Wannan shine inda fahimtar ka'idar ta juya zuwa iyawa mai dorewa a cikin samfura, manufofi, da ayyuka.
Hukunce-hukuncen gine-gine suna haifar da aiki da tsadar aiki na shekaru. A lokaci guda, Haɓaka ma'auni ɗaya na iya ɓoye manyan raunin tsarin. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce haɗa saurin gwaji tare da horon gudanarwa: gudanar da matukin jirgi, kama shaida, buga rajistan ayyukan yanke shawara, da ci gaba da sabunta abubuwan tsaro kamar yadda halayen ƙira, tsammanin mai amfani, da buƙatun tsari ke tasowa.
Dabarun Tasiri
Hukunce-hukuncen gine-gine suna haifar da aiki da tsadar aiki na shekaru.
Hukunce-hukuncen gine-gine suna haifar da aiki da tsadar aiki na shekaru. A cikin ƙawance masu inganci, ana fassara wannan zuwa ƙa'idodin aiki waɗanda za a iya aunawa, iyakokin ikon mallaka, da kuma bita-da-kullin bita don ƙungiyoyi su iya haɓaka kwarin gwiwa a maimakon ɓata shakku.
Ilimin fasaha yana taimaka wa ƙungiyoyi su zaɓi tari mai kyau, ba kawai sabon abu ba.
Ilimin fasaha yana taimaka wa ƙungiyoyi su zaɓi tari mai kyau, ba kawai sabon abu ba. A cikin ƙawance masu inganci, ana fassara wannan zuwa ƙa'idodin aiki waɗanda za a iya aunawa, iyakokin ikon mallaka, da kuma bita-da-kullin bita don ƙungiyoyi su iya haɓaka kwarin gwiwa a maimakon ɓata shakku.
Zaɓuɓɓukan injiniya mafi kyau suna rage abin dogaro a cikin samarwa.
Zaɓuɓɓukan injiniya mafi kyau suna rage abin dogaro a cikin samarwa. A cikin ƙawance masu inganci, ana fassara wannan zuwa ƙa'idodin aiki waɗanda za a iya aunawa, iyakokin ikon mallaka, da kuma bita-da-kullin bita don ƙungiyoyi su iya haɓaka kwarin gwiwa a maimakon ɓata shakku.
Aiwatar da Gaskiyar Duniya
Haɗa GPU guda takwas a cikin sabar guda ɗaya (kamar tsarin NVIDIA DGX) ta hanyar NVSwitch don raba ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da horar da babban samfuri tare.
Yin aiki tare tare da sassauƙa gabaɗaya a cikin GPUs yayin horon da aka rarraba, haɓaka ta hanyar bandwidth NVLink.
Haɗa ɗimbin GPUs a cikin tsarin NVL72 mai girman rak zuwa yanki ɗaya na NVLink don samfuran siga- tiriliyan.
Daure dubunnan sabar GPU cikin gungu ta amfani da InfiniBand ko RDMA-over-Ethernet don babban horon ƙirar tushe.
Hanyoyin Aiwatarwa
NVLink da GPU Interconnect a aikace
Haɗa GPU guda takwas a cikin sabar guda ɗaya (kamar tsarin NVIDIA DGX) ta hanyar NVSwitch don raba ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da horar da babban samfuri tare.
Haɗin GPU guda takwas a cikin sabar guda ɗaya (kamar tsarin NVIDIA DGX) ta hanyar NVSwitch don haka suna raba ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da horar da babban samfuri tare Ƙungiyoyi yawanci suna samun sakamako mafi kyau lokacin da suka ayyana ma'auni masu inganci a gaba, kiyaye hanyar haɓaka ɗan adam don ƙararraki, da bin diddigin abubuwan da ake samu da ƙimar kuskure akan lokaci.
NVLink da GPU Interconnect a aikace
Yin aiki tare tare da sassauƙa gabaɗaya a cikin GPUs yayin horon da aka rarraba, haɓaka ta hanyar bandwidth NVLink.
Yin aiki tare tare da rage girman gradient gabaɗaya a cikin GPUs yayin horon da aka rarraba, haɓaka ta NVLink ƙungiyoyin bandwidth yawanci suna samun sakamako mafi kyau lokacin da suka ayyana ma'auni masu inganci a gaba, kiyaye hanyar haɓakar ɗan adam don shari'o'in gefe, da bin duk nasarorin samarwa da farashi na kuskure akan lokaci.
NVLink da GPU Interconnect a aikace
Haɗa ɗimbin GPUs a cikin tsarin NVL72 mai girman rak zuwa yanki ɗaya na NVLink don samfuran siga- tiriliyan.
Haɗa da yawa na GPUs a cikin tsarin NVL72 mai girman rack zuwa yanki ɗaya na NVLink na haɗin kai don samfuran siga tiriliyan Ƙungiyoyi yawanci suna samun sakamako mafi kyau lokacin da suka ayyana ma'auni masu inganci a gaba, kiyaye hanyar haɓakar ɗan adam don shari'o'in gefe, da bin duk nasarorin samarwa da ƙimar kuskure akan lokaci.
NVLink da GPU Interconnect a aikace
Daure dubunnan sabar GPU cikin gungu ta amfani da InfiniBand ko RDMA-over-Ethernet don babban horon ƙirar tushe.
Haɗa dubunnan sabar GPU a cikin tari ta amfani da InfiniBand ko RDMA-over-Ethernet don manyan ƙididdigan ƙirar ƙira Ƙungiyoyi yawanci suna samun sakamako mafi kyau lokacin da suka ayyana ƙofofin inganci a gaba, kiyaye hanyar haɓakar ɗan adam don shari'o'in gefe, da bin diddigin nasarorin samarwa da ƙimar kuskure akan lokaci.
Hatsari & Tsare-tsare
Haɓaka ma'auni ɗaya na iya ɓoye manyan raunin tsarin.
Sau da yawa ana raina kayan more rayuwa da kuma kuɗin kulawa.
Tsaro da gibin lura na iya girma yayin da tsarin ke ƙara haɓaka.
Taswirar Hanya
Ƙayyade latency, inganci, da maƙasudin farashi kafin aiwatarwa.
Ƙayyade latency, inganci, da maƙasudin farashi kafin aiwatarwa. Ɗauki kowane mataki azaman ƙofar shaida: idan ba a cika sharuɗɗa ba, dakatar da fitar, rufe tazarar, sannan kawai faɗaɗa amfani.
Alamar ma'auni a ƙarƙashin ainihin kaya da yanayin bayanai.
Alamar ma'auni a ƙarƙashin ainihin kaya da yanayin bayanai. Ɗauki kowane mataki azaman ƙofar shaida: idan ba a cika sharuɗɗa ba, dakatar da fitar, rufe tazarar, sannan kawai faɗaɗa amfani.
Kula da kayan aiki don kurakurai, ɗigo, da tasirin mai amfani.
Kula da kayan aiki don kurakurai, ɗigo, da tasirin mai amfani. Ɗauki kowane mataki azaman ƙofar shaida: idan ba a cika sharuɗɗa ba, dakatar da fitar, rufe tazarar, sannan kawai faɗaɗa amfani.
Shirya bijirowa da hanyoyin mayar da martani kafin sikeli.
Shirya bijirowa da hanyoyin mayar da martani kafin sikeli. Ɗauki kowane mataki azaman ƙofar shaida: idan ba a cika sharuɗɗa ba, dakatar da fitar, rufe tazarar, sannan kawai faɗaɗa amfani.