Point Cloud Processing
Girgiza mai ma'ana shine saitin maki 3D (X, Y, Z) wanda ke ɗaukar siffar ainihin abubuwa da sarari, sau da yawa daga LiDAR ko zurfin firikwensin.
Dubawa
Ayyukan sarrafa girgije shine yadda injina ke tsaftacewa, tsarawa, da fahimtar waɗannan ɗigon ɗigon 3D don gane, yanki, da kewaya duniya.
Zurfafa nutsewa
Gizagizai ba su da tsari, ba su da sarari ba bisa ka'ida ba, kuma ba su da tsayayyen grid, wanda ke sa su zama masu banƙyama don daidaitattun hanyoyin sadarwar hoto da aka gina don tsararrun tsararrun pixel. Bayanan kuma ba su da yawa kuma galibi suna da girma: sharewar LiDAR guda ɗaya na iya ɗaukar ɗaruruwan dubunnan maki. Sarrafa bututun yawanci ƙasan samfuri (misali, grid na voxel), cire hayaniya da masu fita waje, ƙididdige abubuwan al'ada, da yin rijistar bincike da yawa cikin firam ɗin daidaitawa ɗaya ta amfani da algorithm kamar Iterative Closest Point. Don fahimta, PointNet ya ƙaddamar da koyo kai tsaye a kan maƙasudin maƙasudi ta amfani da cibiyoyin sadarwa guda ɗaya tare da madaidaicin matakin haɗaɗɗiya wanda ya yi watsi da oda. Daga baya ƙila irin su PointNet++, KPConv, da ƙananan juzu'ai na 3D sun kama unguwannin gida, suna ba da damar gano abu na 3D, rarrabuwar ma'anar, da rarrabuwar siffa.
Fahimtar Fasaha
Babban ƙalubalen shine rashin daidaituwa: girgije iri ɗaya da aka jera a kowane tsari dole ne ya ba da sakamako iri ɗaya. PointNet yana warware wannan ta hanyar amfani da ƙaramin cibiyar sadarwa iri ɗaya zuwa kowane batu da kanta, sannan haɗa fasali tare da aikin ma'auni (max-pooling) wanda bai damu da tsari ba. Don ɗaukar lissafi na gida, ƙirar ƙira suna haɗa maki kusa zuwa cikin unguwanni da sarrafa su a ma'auni da yawa, kamar juzu'i suna haɓaka yanayin sararin samaniya a cikin hotuna.
Dabarun Tasiri
Gudu da sikelin
Kayayyakin AI na iya sarrafa aiki da bincike, ganowa, da ayyuka masu alama a sikelin.
Gina zaɓuɓɓuka
Ƙungiyoyin ƙirƙira za su iya samar da ra'ayoyi cikin sauri tare da ƙarancin bita da hannu.
Ƙungiya da aikin aiki
Ayyuka na iya amfani da siginar hoto da bidiyo waɗanda a baya suke da wahalar aiwatarwa.
Makomar Point Cloud Processing
Masu canjin nuni da samfuran tushen kulawa suna haɓaka yadda tsarin ke tunani game da tsarin 3D mai tsayi. Haɗewar maki LiDAR tare da hotunan kamara yana haifar da haɓaka, ƙarin fahimta mai ƙarfi don cin gashin kai. Horon da ake sa ido kan kai akan ɗimbin sikanin sikanin da ba a yi wa lakabi ba yana rage farashi, yayin da ƙananan cibiyoyin sadarwa da ƙididdige su ke tura aiki na ainihin-lokaci akan motoci da mutummutumi. Wakilan jijiyoyi irin su Gaussian splatting da fayyace filayen suna ƙara haɓaka danyen gajimare, suna ɓata layin tsakanin tushen ma'ana da ci gaba da ƙirar yanayin 3D.
Aiwatar da Gaskiyar Duniya
Motoci masu cin gashin kansu suna aiwatar da gizagizai na LiDAR a cikin ainihin lokaci don gano motoci, masu keke, da masu tafiya a ƙasa da kuma taswirar sararin samaniya.
Masu bincike da ƙungiyoyin gini suna amfani da gajimare mai ma'ana daga na'urar daukar hoto ta Laser don ƙirƙirar ƙirar 3D da aka gina da kuma gano canje-canjen tsari.
Ayyukan al'adun gargajiya suna duba mutum-mutumi da gine-gine zuwa gajimare masu yawa don adanawa da maidowa na dijital.
Robots suna amfani da gajimare mai zurfin kyamara don ɗaukar bin, ɗaukar sassan da ba daidai ba, da kuma nisantar cikas a cikin tarkace.
Hatsari & Tsare-tsare
Haƙƙoƙin hoto da yarda na iya zama haxarin doka idan ba a fayyace ba.
Ayyukan samfuri na iya bambanta a ko'ina cikin haske, ƙididdiga, da mahalli.
Ƙarya tabbataccen ƙila ba za a iya lura da shi ba sai dai idan an kula da ƙofofin amincewa.
Taswirar Hanya
Ƙayyade ma'auni na karɓa don daidaito, tunowa, da farashi na kuskure.
Gwada tare da bayanan da suka dace da ainihin yanayin samarwa.
Ƙara bita na ɗan adam don ƙarancin amincewa ko tsinkaya mai tasiri.
Bi diddigin ƙirar ƙira kuma sake ingantawa bayan canje-canjen kamara ko saitin bayanai.
Ci gaba da Bincike
Free newsletter
Get the daily AI briefing
Three verified AI stories every weekday morning, written in plain English. Free forever, no ads.
One email each weekday. Unsubscribe in one click. We never sell or share your address.
Test yourself
Take the Point Cloud Processing quiz
Instant feedback on every answer, and a shareable certificate with a verifiable ID once you pass a course.
Support free AI education. AI Understanding is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit — no ads, no paywall, ever. Make a donation
Jagora na gaba
Tsarin girgije na AI
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Mene ne Point Cloud Processing?
Girgizar gizagizai saitin maki 3D (X, Y, Z) ne wanda ke ɗaukar siffar ainihin abubuwa da sarari, sau da yawa daga LiDAR ko na'urori masu zurfi. Ayyukan sarrafa girgije shine yadda injina ke tsaftacewa, tsarawa, da fahimtar waɗannan ɗigon ɗigon 3D don gane, yanki, da kewaya duniya.
Menene girgije mai ma'ana?
Gajimare mai ma'ana saitin maki ne tare da daidaitawar X, Y, Z (wani lokaci tare da launi ko ƙarfi) wanda ke ɗaukar lissafin abubuwa da fage.
Me yasa ba za a iya amfani da madaidaicin hoton CNNs kai tsaye zuwa ga gajimare ba?
Hotuna CNNs suna ɗaukar tsayayyen grid pixel, amma gajimare ba su da tsari kuma ba su da tsari, don haka ana buƙatar gine-gine na musamman.
Wace maɓalli mai mahimmanci dole ne cibiyar sadarwar girgije ta mutunta?
Tunda ana iya jera gajimare iri ɗaya a kowane tsari, dole ne hanyar sadarwar ta samar da fitarwa iri ɗaya ba tare da la'akari da oda ba.
Ta yaya PointNet ya sami yancin kai?
PointNet yana aiwatar da kowane batu tare da hanyar sadarwar da aka raba, sannan ta haɗa tare da max-pooling, wanda yake daidai kuma yana watsi da oda.
Menene Algorithm din Iterative Closest Point (ICP) yake yi?
ICP akai-akai yayi daidai da maki kusa tsakanin sikanin biyu kuma ya sami tsayayyen canji wanda ya fi dacewa da su, ana amfani dashi don rajista.