Uhlolojikelele
I-NVLink nezixhumi ezihambisanayo ziyizixhumanisi ezinesivinini esikhulu ezivumela ama-GPU amaningi ukuthi akhulume wodwa ngokuqondile nangokushesha. Abalulekile ngoba ukuqeqeshwa nokusebenzela amamodeli amakhulu we-AI kudinga amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zama-GPU ukuze enze njengesisheshisi esikhulu esisodwa.
I-NVLink ne-GPU Interconnects iyibhulokhi yokwakha yobuchwepheshe ethinta ikhwalithi yemodeli, izindleko zengqalasizinda, ukubambezeleka, nokuthembeka esikalini.
I-Deep Dive
I-GPU eyodwa ayikwazi ukubamba amamodeli amakhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ahlukaniswa ngama-chips amaningi okufanele ashintshisane ngedatha njalo, njengezisindo, ama-gradient, nokwenziwa kusebenze. Ibhasi elijwayelekile le-PCIe lihamba kancane kulokhu, ngakho i-NVIDIA idale i-NVLink, isixhumanisi esiqondile se-GPU-to-GPU esinikeza umkhawulokudonsa ophakeme kakhulu nokubambezeleka okuphansi. Ama-NVSwitch chips anweba lokhu kube yindwangu ukuze yonke i-GPU kuseva ikwazi ukufinyelela zonke ezinye ngesivinini esigcwele, iguqule ama-GPU ayisishiyagalombili abe yinkumbulo eyodwa enkulu kanye nedamu lokubala. Esikalini se-rack, amasistimu afana ne-NVIDIA's NVL72 axhuma inqwaba yama-GPU phezu kwesizinda esihlanganisiwe se-NVLink. Ngale kwerack eyodwa, ubuchwepheshe benethiwekhi obufana ne-InfiniBand ne-Ethernet (ngokuvamile nge-RDMA) bubopha izinkulungwane zamanodi abe yiqoqo. Ikhwalithi yalezi zixhumanisi zikhawulela ngokuqondile ukuthi makhulu kangakanani nokuthi amamodeli ashesha kangakanani ukuqeqeshwa.
I-Technical Insight
I-NVLink inikeza imizila eqondile yokukhomba-ephuzu phakathi kwama-GPU anomkhawulokudonsa izikhathi eziningi owe-PCIe kanye ne-latency ephansi, ivumela ama-GPU afunde inkumbulo yomunye nomunye cishe njengokungathi ngeyendawo. I-NVSwitch isebenza njengebha enqamulayo enesivinini esiphezulu ukuze wonke ama-GPU aku-node axhumane ngokungavimbeli kumkhawulokudonsa ogcwele. Imisebenzi eqoqiwe efana nokunciphisa konke, okuyisamba se-gradient kuwo wonke ama-GPU ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, igijima ngokushesha kakhulu kule ndwangu, yingakho umkhawulokudonsa wokuxhuma uthonya kakhulu ukuthi izikali zokuqeqesha zihamba kahle kangakanani kuma-chips amaningi.
I-Mastering NVLink kanye ne-GPU Interconnects
I-NVLink nezixhumi ezihambisanayo ziyizixhumanisi ezinesivinini esikhulu ezivumela ama-GPU amaningi ukuthi akhulume wodwa ngokuqondile nangokushesha. Abalulekile ngoba ukuqeqeshwa nokusebenzela amamodeli amakhulu we-AI kudinga amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zama-GPU ukuze enze njengesisheshisi esikhulu esisodwa. I-NVLink ne-GPU Interconnects iyibhulokhi yokwakha yobuchwepheshe ethinta ikhwalithi yemodeli, izindleko zengqalasizinda, ukubambezeleka, nokuthembeka esikalini. Ukuze wakhe ukuqonda okujulile, phatha i-NVLink ne-GPU Interconnects njengemodeli yokusebenza, hhayi isici esisodwa: chaza imiphumela efiselekayo, ucacise ukucabanga, futhi uhlukanise lokho uhlelo olungakwenza ngokwethembeka kulokho okusadinga ukwahlulela kochwepheshe.
Empeleni, amaqembu aqinile asebenzisa i-NVLink ne-GPU Interconnects athuthukisa ukwakheka, idatha, nokukhetha kwengqalasizinda ngokumelene nokuthembeka nezindleko. Babhala imibandela yempumelelo ecacile, ukuhlola okuqhathaniswa nedatha engokoqobo nokugeleza komsebenzi, futhi baphindaphinde ngokusekelwe kumaphethini okuhluleka aqashiwe esikhundleni sokuwina kwebhentshimakhi yesikhathi esisodwa. Yilapho ukuqonda kwethiyori kuguquka kube amandla ahlala njalo kuwo wonke umkhiqizo, inqubomgomo, kanye nokusebenza.
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Ukuthuthukisa ibhentshimakhi eyodwa kungafihla ubuthakathaka obubanzi besistimu. Indlela eqine kakhulu iwukuhlanganisa isivinini sokuhlola nesiyalo sokuphatha: qhuba abashayeli bezindiza, bamba ubufakazi, ushicilele amalogi ezinqumo, futhi ubuyekeze izivikelo ngokuqhubekayo njengoba imodeli yokuziphatha, okulindelwe ngabasebenzisi, kanye nezimfuneko zokulawula zishintsha.
I-Strategic Impact
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka.
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Imfundo yobuchwepheshe isiza amaqembu ukuthi akhethe isitaki esifanele, hhayi nje esisha.
Imfundo yobuchwepheshe isiza amaqembu ukuthi akhethe isitaki esifanele, hhayi nje esisha. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Izinketho ezingcono zobunjiniyela zinciphisa izehlakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ekukhiqizeni.
Izinketho ezingcono zobunjiniyela zinciphisa izehlakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ekukhiqizeni. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Ukuqaliswa Komhlaba Wangempela
Ixhuma ama-GPU ayisishiyagalombili ngaphakathi kweseva eyodwa (njengezinhlelo ze-NVIDIA DGX) nge-NVSwitch ukuze babelane ngenkumbulo futhi baqeqeshe imodeli eyodwa enkulu ndawonye.
Ukwenza ukuvumelanisa okuncishiswe konke kwegradient kuwo wonke ama-GPU phakathi nokuqeqeshwa okusabalalisiwe, kusheshiswe umkhawulokudonsa we-NVLink.
Ukuxhumanisa inqwaba yama-GPU kusistimu ye-NVL72 ye-rack-scale ibe yisizinda esisodwa esihlanganisiwe se-NVLink samamodeli wamapharamitha ayizigidigidi.
Ukubophela izinkulungwane zamaseva e-GPU kuqoqo kusetshenziswa i-InfiniBand noma i-RDMA-over-Ethernet yokuqeqeshwa kwemodeli yesisekelo esikhulu.
Amaphethini Okusebenzisa
I-NVLink kanye ne-GPU Interconnects in practice
Ixhuma ama-GPU ayisishiyagalombili ngaphakathi kweseva eyodwa (njengezinhlelo ze-NVIDIA DGX) nge-NVSwitch ukuze babelane ngenkumbulo futhi baqeqeshe imodeli eyodwa enkulu ndawonye.
Ukuxhuma ama-GPU ayisishiyagalombili ngaphakathi kweseva eyodwa (njengezinhlelo ze-NVIDIA DGX) nge-NVSwitch ukuze babelane ngenkumbulo futhi baqeqeshe imodeli eyodwa enkulu ndawonye Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka komuntu yamakesi asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-NVLink kanye ne-GPU Interconnects in practice
Ukwenza ukuvumelanisa okuncishiswe konke kwegradient kuwo wonke ama-GPU phakathi nokuqeqeshwa okusabalalisiwe, kusheshiswe umkhawulokudonsa we-NVLink.
Ukwenza ukuvumelanisa okuncishisiwe kokunciphisa konke kuwo wonke ama-GPU ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa esabalalisiwe, okusheshiswe Amaqembu omkhawulokudonsa we-NVLink ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono uma echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka komuntu yamakesi asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-NVLink kanye ne-GPU Interconnects in practice
Ukuxhumanisa inqwaba yama-GPU kusistimu ye-NVL72 ye-rack-scale ibe yisizinda esisodwa esihlanganisiwe se-NVLink samamodeli wamapharamitha ayizigidigidi.
Ukuxhumanisa inqwaba yama-GPU ohlelweni lwe-NVL72 lwe-rack-scale lube yisizinda esisodwa esihlanganisiwe se-NVLink samamodeli wamapharamitha ayizigidigidi Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yamacala asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-NVLink kanye ne-GPU Interconnects in practice
Ukubophela izinkulungwane zamaseva e-GPU kuqoqo kusetshenziswa i-InfiniBand noma i-RDMA-over-Ethernet yokuqeqeshwa kwemodeli yesisekelo esikhulu.
Ukubophela izinkulungwane zamaseva e-GPU kuqoqo kusetshenziswa i-InfiniBand noma i-RDMA-over-Ethernet yokuqeqeshwa kwemodeli yesisekelo esikhulu Amathimba ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono uma echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka komuntu yamakesi asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izingozi & Guardrails
Ukuthuthukisa ibhentshimakhi eyodwa kungafihla ubuthakathaka obubanzi besistimu.
Izindleko zengqalasizinda nezokulungisa zivame ukubukelwa phansi.
Izikhala zokuphepha nokubonakala zingakhula njengoba izinhlelo ziba nzima kakhulu.
Ukuqalisa Umhlahlandlela
Chaza ukubambezeleka, ikhwalithi, nezindleko ezihlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa.
Chaza ukubambezeleka, ikhwalithi, nezindleko ezihlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Ibhentshimakhi ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela nezimo zedatha.
Ibhentshimakhi ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela nezimo zedatha. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Ukuqapha amathuluzi amaphutha, ukukhukhuleka, nomthelela wabasebenzisi.
Ukuqapha amathuluzi amaphutha, ukukhukhuleka, nomthelela wabasebenzisi. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Lungiselela izindlela zokuhlehlisa nezigameko ngaphambi kokukala.
Lungiselela izindlela zokuhlehlisa nezigameko ngaphambi kokukala. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.