Uhlolojikelele
I-Slurm ingumphathi womthwalo ovulekile womthombo ovulekile ohlela futhi aqhube imisebenzi kumaqoqo ekhompiyutha asebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi sekuyisinqumo esizenzakalelayo sokuqeqeshwa okukhulu kwe-AI. Ibalulekile ngoba isabalalisa ngokuthembekile ukuqeqeshwa okukhulu okugijima kuzo zonke izinkulungwane zama-GPU.
I-Slurm for AI Training Clusters iyibhulokhi yokwakha yobuchwepheshe ethinta ikhwalithi yemodeli, izindleko zengqalasizinda, ukubambezeleka, nokuthembeka esikalini.
I-Deep Dive
I-Slurm (I-Simple Linux Utility for Resource Management) iqale ku-supercomputing futhi manje inika amandla amaqoqo amaningi okuqeqesha e-AI amakhulu emhlabeni. Abasebenzisi bahambisa imibhalo yeqoqo ene-sbatch, izinsiza zokucela njengama-node nama-GPU aneziqondiso ezifana --gres=gpu:8, kanye nolayini be-Slurm, babeka phambili, futhi baqalise umsebenzi. Isiqalisi sayo se-srun siveza izinqubo ezididiyelwe kuwo wonke ama-node, abhanqa ngokwemvelo nezinhlaka ezisabalalisiwe njenge-PyTorch DDP ne-NCCL. I-Slurm ilandelela ukubalwa kwezimali kwensiza, iphoqelela ukwabelana okufanelekile nemikhawulo yokuhlukanisa, futhi isingatha ukuhlela kokugcwalisa ukuze kufake imisebenzi emincane ezikhaleni. Ngokuqeqeshwa kwemodeli yasemngceleni, amaqembu athembele ku-Slurm ukuze alawule izinkulungwane zama-GPU, aqale kabusha ezindaweni zokuhlola ngemva kokuhluleka kwama-node, futhi agcine umthamo ozinikele wokugijima amaviki amaningi.
I-Technical Insight
I-daemon yesilawuli se-Slurm (slurmctld) yenza izinqumo zokuhlela kuyilapho i-ejenti ye-slurmd endaweni ngayinye ivula imisebenzi futhi ibika isimo. I-plugin ye-Generic Resource (GRES) ilandelela ama-GPU ukuze imisebenzi iwacele ngokusobala. I-srun isetha okuguquguqukayo kwemvelo (izinga, usayizi womhlaba, ikheli eliyinhloko) esabalalisa imitapo yolwazi yokuqeqesha efundelwe ku-bootstrap ukuxhumana kwe-NCCL. Ukuhlelwa kokugcwalisa emuva kuvumela imisebenzi emifushane ukuthi isebenze kusenesikhathi inqobo nje uma ingabambezeli ukubhukha okubaluleke kakhulu, okugcina ukusetshenziswa kuphezulu.
I-Mastering Slurm Yamaqoqo Okuqeqeshwa kwe-AI
I-Slurm ingumphathi womthwalo ovulekile womthombo ovulekile ohlela futhi aqhube imisebenzi kumaqoqo ekhompiyutha asebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi sekuyisinqumo esizenzakalelayo sokuqeqeshwa okukhulu kwe-AI. Ibalulekile ngoba isabalalisa ngokuthembekile ukuqeqeshwa okukhulu okugijima kuzo zonke izinkulungwane zama-GPU. I-Slurm for AI Training Clusters iyibhulokhi yokwakha yobuchwepheshe ethinta ikhwalithi yemodeli, izindleko zengqalasizinda, ukubambezeleka, nokuthembeka esikalini. Ukuze wakhe ukuqonda okujulile, phatha i-Slurm for AI Training Clusters njengemodeli yokusebenza, hhayi isici esisodwa: chaza imiphumela oyifunayo, ucacise ukucabanga, futhi uhlukanise lokho isistimu engakwenza ngokwethembeka kulokho okusadinga ukwahlulela kochwepheshe.
Empeleni, amaqembu aqinile asebenzisa i-Slurm for AI Training Clusters athuthukisa izakhiwo, idatha, nokukhetha kwengqalasizinda ngokumelene nokuthembeka nezindleko. Babhala imibandela yempumelelo ecacile, ukuhlola okuqhathaniswa nedatha engokoqobo nokugeleza komsebenzi, futhi baphindaphinde ngokusekelwe kumaphethini okuhluleka aqashiwe esikhundleni sokuwina kwebhentshimakhi yesikhathi esisodwa. Yilapho ukuqonda kwethiyori kuguquka kube amandla ahlala njalo kuwo wonke umkhiqizo, inqubomgomo, kanye nokusebenza.
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Ukuthuthukisa ibhentshimakhi eyodwa kungafihla ubuthakathaka obubanzi besistimu. Indlela eqine kakhulu iwukuhlanganisa isivinini sokuhlola nesiyalo sokuphatha: qhuba abashayeli bezindiza, bamba ubufakazi, ushicilele amalogi ezinqumo, futhi ubuyekeze izivikelo ngokuqhubekayo njengoba imodeli yokuziphatha, okulindelwe ngabasebenzisi, kanye nezimfuneko zokulawula zishintsha.
I-Strategic Impact
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka.
Izinqumo zezakhiwo ziqhuba ukusebenza kanye nezindleko zokusebenza iminyaka. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Imfundo yobuchwepheshe isiza amaqembu ukuthi akhethe isitaki esifanele, hhayi nje esisha.
Imfundo yobuchwepheshe isiza amaqembu ukuthi akhethe isitaki esifanele, hhayi nje esisha. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Izinketho ezingcono zobunjiniyela zinciphisa izehlakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ekukhiqizeni.
Izinketho ezingcono zobunjiniyela zinciphisa izehlakalo ezinokwethenjelwa ekukhiqizeni. Ekusetshenzisweni kwekhwalithi ephezulu, lokhu kuhunyushwa emithethweni yokusebenza elinganisekayo, imingcele yobunikazi, nemikhuba yokubuyekeza ephindelelayo ukuze amaqembu akwazi ukukala ukuzethemba esikhundleni sokukala ukungaqondakali.
Ukuqaliswa Komhlaba Wangempela
Ilebhu yasemngceleni yethula ukuqeqeshwa kwamasonto amaningi okugijima phakathi kwezinkulungwane zama-GPU ngeskripthi esisodwa se-sbatch esicela amakhulukhulu wamanodi.
Umcwaningi uhambisa okuthi 'srun --gres=gpu:8' ukuze abambe ama-GPU ayisishiyagalombili endaweni eyodwa ukuze kuhlolwe i-PyTorch DDP.
Ukushejula kokugcwalisa emuva kubeka umsebenzi wokuhlola omfushane kuma-GPU angenzi lutho kuyilapho umjaho omkhulu wokuqeqesha obekelwe ulinde ukuqala.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-node ihluleke phakathi nokugijima, i-Slurm iphinda ilandele umsebenzi futhi iqala kabusha endaweni yokuhlola yakamuva esikhundleni sokuqala kabusha.
Amaphethini Okusebenzisa
I-Slurm ye-AI Training Clusters isebenza
Ilebhu yasemngceleni yethula ukuqeqeshwa kwamasonto amaningi okugijima phakathi kwezinkulungwane zama-GPU ngeskripthi esisodwa se-sbatch esicela amakhulukhulu wamanodi.
Ilebhu yasemngceleni yethula ukuqeqeshwa kwamasonto amaningi okugijima phakathi kwezinkulungwane zama-GPU aneskripthi esisodwa se-sbatch esicela amakhulukhulu ama-node Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono uma echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yamakesi asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Slurm ye-AI Training Clusters isebenza
Umcwaningi uhambisa okuthi 'srun --gres=gpu:8' ukuze abambe ama-GPU ayisishiyagalombili endaweni eyodwa ukuze kuhlolwe i-PyTorch DDP.
Umcwaningi uhambisa okuthi 'srun --gres=gpu:8' ukuze abambe ama-GPU ayisishiyagalombili endaweni eyodwa yesilingo se-PyTorch DDP Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza ikhwalithi ephezulu ngaphambili, agcine indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yamacala asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Slurm ye-AI Training Clusters isebenza
Ukushejula kokugcwalisa emuva kubeka umsebenzi wokuhlola omfushane kuma-GPU angenzi lutho kuyilapho umjaho omkhulu wokuqeqesha obekelwe ulinde ukuqala.
Ukuhlelela ukugcwalisa kubeka umsebenzi omfushane wokuhlola kube ama-GPU angenzi lutho kuyilapho umjaho omkhulu wokuqeqesha ogodliwe ulinda ukuqala Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yamacala asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Slurm ye-AI Training Clusters isebenza
Ngemuva kokuthi i-node ihluleke phakathi nokugijima, i-Slurm iphinda ilandele umsebenzi futhi iqala kabusha endaweni yokuhlola yakamuva esikhundleni sokuqala kabusha.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-node ihluleke phakathi nesikhathi sokugijima, i-Slurm iphinda ilandele umsebenzi futhi iqala kabusha endaweni yokuhlola yakamuva esikhundleni sokuqala Amaqembu ngokuvamile athola imiphumela engcono lapho echaza imingcele yekhwalithi ngaphambili, egcina indlela yokukhuphuka yomuntu yamacala asemaphethelweni, futhi alandelele kokubili izinzuzo zokukhiqiza nezindleko zamaphutha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izingozi & Guardrails
Ukuthuthukisa ibhentshimakhi eyodwa kungafihla ubuthakathaka obubanzi besistimu.
Izindleko zengqalasizinda nezokulungisa zivame ukubukelwa phansi.
Izikhala zokuphepha nokubonakala zingakhula njengoba izinhlelo ziba nzima kakhulu.
Ukuqalisa Umhlahlandlela
Chaza ukubambezeleka, ikhwalithi, nezindleko ezihlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa.
Chaza ukubambezeleka, ikhwalithi, nezindleko ezihlosiwe ngaphambi kokuqaliswa. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Ibhentshimakhi ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela nezimo zedatha.
Ibhentshimakhi ngaphansi komthwalo wangempela nezimo zedatha. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Ukuqapha amathuluzi amaphutha, ukukhukhuleka, nomthelela wabasebenzisi.
Ukuqapha amathuluzi amaphutha, ukukhukhuleka, nomthelela wabasebenzisi. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.
Lungiselela izindlela zokuhlehlisa nezigameko ngaphambi kokukala.
Lungiselela izindlela zokuhlehlisa nezigameko ngaphambi kokukala. Phatha isinyathelo ngasinye njengesango lobufakazi: uma imibandela ingafinyelelwa, misa ukukhishwa, vala igebe, bese unweba ukusetshenziswa.