I-Guardian ibika ukuthi i-UK telecom ithuthukisa ingozi yokushiya izwe ngemuva ku-AI

Kwenzekeni

I-Guardian ibika ukuthi abaphathi abaphezulu bezokuxhumana e-UK baxwayisa ngokuthi ukuthuthukiswa okuhamba kancane kwe-5G nokubambezeleka kokuhlela kungase kushiye izwe lingakwazi ukubhekana nokwanda okuzayo kwethrafikhi ehlobene ne-AI. Umbiko ucaphuna idatha yokusebenza kwenethiwekhi kanye nezimangalo zemboni mayelana nejubane nezindleko zokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda.

I-Guardian ibika ukuthi abaphathi bezimboni eziphezulu bakhathazekile ngokuthi i-UK ingase ibe yisidlakela emjahweni we-AI womhlaba wonke ngenxa yokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuxhumana akuhambisani nengqalasizinda eyakhelwe ukuqeqesha nokusebenzisa amamodeli e-AI. I-athikili ihlukanisa phakathi kwama-datacentre, adinga ukuhlinzekwa okukhulu kwamandla namanzi, kanye ne-broadband namanethiwekhi eselula azothwala ithrafikhi ehlobene ne-AI ekhiqizwa abathengi namabhizinisi njengoba ukutholwa kusabalala. Isimangalo esiyinhloko sombiko ukuthi ukuxhumana kungase kube ingxenye ekhawulelayo yengqalasizinda ye-AI esikhundleni sokusetshenziswa kwangemuva.

Ngokuvumelana ne The Guardian, i-UK ithuthukise indawo yayo ye-broadband engaguquki njengoba i-Openreach ye-BT kanye nabanye abahlinzeki benweba ukumbozwa kwe-fiber egcwele. Umbiko uthi ukuthuthukiswa kweselula kwe-5G kwezwe kuhambe kancane. Icaphuna Yikuphi yakamuva? umbiko osuselwe kudatha ye-Opensignal, ethi ukufakwa kweselula kwe-UK bekukubi kakhulu kunokwamazwe angama-27 angamalungu e-EU kanye nawo wonke amanye amazwe e-G7. I-Guardian ithi ukuhlaziya okufanayo kubeke i-UK 57th emhlabeni jikelele ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi, indawo yama-70 ngesivinini sokulanda kanye nesama-55 ngekhwalithi ethembekile yemisebenzi efana namakholi wevidiyo, ukusakaza bukhoma nokudlala. Lezi zibalo zethulwe yi-The Guardian njengobufakazi begebe lamanje lokuxhumana, hhayi njengesilinganiso esiqondile sokulungela kwe-AI.

U-Andrea Donà, umqondisi wamanethiwekhi kwaVodafoneThree, utshele I-Guardian ukuthi ikhwalithi yamanje yenethiwekhi ingaba yisixwayiso salokho okungase kudinge ukusetshenziswa kwe-AI. U-Donà uqhathanise ukuminyana okungaba khona esikhathini esizayo kanye nendlela abasebenzisi abalahlekelwa ngayo uma izixuku zibuthana emicimbini efana namakhonsathi nemidlalo yezemidlalo. I-athikili icaphuna u-Donà ethi inkinga yamandla ngezikhathi ezithile ingaba njalo uma izinhlelo ze-AI zidinga umthamo owengeziwe kukho konke ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke. Isikhulu sesibili sezokuxhumana, esingazange sidalulwe embikweni, sichaze ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-AI nokuxhuma njengobuqala kodwa sathi kungase kube yinkinga yokuncintisana kazwelonke.

I-Guardian ibika ukuthi iVodafoneThree ibophezele u-£11bn ekuthuthukiseni ama-mass nezinye izingxenye zenethiwekhi yayo, okuhlanganisa nobuchwepheshe obuzimele be-5G. UDonà uthe inkampani yehlisa isibalo sayo ezweni lonke ngo-30% nokuthi inkinga enkulu wukuthuthukisa iziza ezikhona kunokwakha ezintsha. Umbiko uthi cishe u-96% wokuthuthukiswa okuhleliwe kwe-VodafoneThree kusezizindeni ezikhona, kodwa ukuthi ngaphezu kwengxenye yalezo zidinga uhlobo oluthile lwemvume yokuhlela. Abasebenzi batshele iThe Guardian ukuthi le nqubo ingaba yinde futhi ibe ne-bureaucracy. Umbiko uphinde uthi ama-opharetha afuna amanethiwekhi omakhalekhukhwini, ahlukaniswa njengengqalasizinda kazwelonke ebalulekile, ukuze athole usizo olufana nalolo olunikezwa kuma-datacentre kanye nezinhlelo zamandla namanzi ezindaweni ezihlanganisa amanani ebhizinisi namandla.

Imininingwane yomthombo: theguardian.com ↗

Kungani kubalulekile

I-athikili ithi ukuncintisana kwe-AI akuncikile kuphela kuzikhungo zedatha, amandla kanye namanzi, kodwa futhi kumanethiwekhi weselula nama-broadband axhumanisa abasebenzisi namabhizinisi. Izimangalo aziqinisekiswanga ngokuzimela lapha, futhi umbiko awuqinisekisi ukuthi ingakanani ithrafikhi ye-AI ezokhula noma ukuthi izinga lamanje lenethiwekhi libikezela ngokuqondile ukusebenza kwe-AI kwesikhathi esizayo.

Umbiko we-Guardian unweba ingxoxo evamile yengqalasizinda ezungeze i-AI. Inkulumompikiswano yomphakathi ivamise ukugxila kumthamo wekhompuyutha, izikhungo zedatha, ugesi kanye nokupholisa. Lesi sihloko sithi lezo zimali zingase zingalethi inani lazo eliphelele elisebenzayo uma amanethiwekhi axhumanisa abantu nezinhlangano engakwazi ukwamukela ithrafikhi ewumphumela. Iphuzu libalulekile ikakhulukazi ezicini ze-AI ezishumekwe kumadivayisi abathengi namasevisi ebhizinisi, nakuba umbiko ungahlonzi imikhiqizo ethile noma ulinganisele ukusetshenziswa kwayo kwedatha okulindelekile.

E-UK, ukukhathazeka kwakhelwe njengodaba lwezomnotho nenqubomgomo esikhundleni sesimangalo sokuthi izinsizakalo ze-AI okwamanje ziyehluleka ezweni lonke. I-Guardian ibika ukuthi isikhulu esisodwa sikholelwa ukuthi ukushiyeka kwenethiwekhi kungase kube inkinga yokuncintisana lapho igagasi elisha lamadivayisi lifika futhi i-AI ihlanganiswe emikhiqizweni eminingi. Leso simo sizokwenzeka. I-athikili ayinikezi isibikezelo esizimele sokusetshenziswa kwedivayisi, akukho ukulinganiswa kwethrafikhi yenethiwekhi eqondene ne-AI futhi akukho ukuqhathanisa okubonisa ukuthi amazwe anokusebenza kweselula okungcono kakhulu kwamanje azothola inzuzo ye-AI.

Ibhodlela lokuhlela elibikiwe lingathinta ijubane nezindleko zokuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi. I-Guardian ithi opharetha bafuna imvume yokuthuthukiswa okuningi kumasayithi akhona, noma ngabe ichaza lokho kuthuthukiswa njengezinyathelo zokukhula ezingabizi kakhulu. Uma leyo akhawunti inembile, ukulungisa kabusha izinqubo zokugunyaza kungase kube nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni ngaphandle kokudinga ukusetshenziswa kwemali okuqondile kukahulumeni. Kodwa-ke, umbiko awuqinisekisi ukuthi zingaki izicelo ezibambezelekile, ukuthi ukugunyazwa kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ngokwesilinganiso, yiziphi iziphathimandla ezibophezelekile, noma ukuthi ukuguqulwa kokuhlela kukodwa kungaxazulula izinselele zobuchwepheshe nezezimali.

I-athikili iphinda iphakamise umbuzo mayelana nendlela ohulumeni abahlukanisa ngayo futhi basekele ingqalasizinda esetshenziswa amasistimu e-AI. I-Guardian ibika ukuthi opharetha babheka amanethiwekhi abo engqalasizinda kazwelonke ebalulekile kodwa bathi abatholi usizo olufanayo olunikezwa kuma-datacentre kanye nezinhlelo zamandla namanzi. Lokho kuqhathanisa kungase kubaluleke kunqubomgomo yomphakathi, kodwa umthombo awunikezi ivelu yezinzuzo ezifanele, ukuthethelelwa kukahulumeni kokuphathwa okuhlukile, noma impendulo esemthethweni esicelweni sabasebenzi. Lokho okweqiwe kukhawulela lokho okungaphethwa mayelana necala lenqubomgomo.

Ongakubuka ngokulandelayo

Intuthuko esemqoka ihlanganisa ukuthi ingabe i-UK iyayishintsha yini imithetho yokuhlela yokuthuthukiswa kumasayithi eselula akhona, noma ngabe opharetha bathola ukwesekwa okuqhathaniswa neminye imikhakha yengqalasizinda ebalulekile, kanye nokuthi amadivayisi anikwe amandla i-AI adala ukwanda kwethrafikhi abaphathi abakulindele. Isilinganiso, isikhathi kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwendawo kwanoma yisiphi isidingo sesikhathi esizayo kuhlala kungaziwa.

Isivivinyo sokuqala esisebenzayo kuzoba ukuthi imithetho yokuhlela iyashintsha yini ekuthuthukisweni kwenethiwekhi yeselula. I-Guardian ibika ukuthi ngaphezu kwengxenye yokuthuthukiswa kwe-VodafoneThree kumasayithi akhona kakade kudinga imvume yokuhlela, ngakho ubufakazi mayelana nezikhathi zokugunyazwa, izicelo ezinqatshiwe kanye nomthelela wanoma yiziphi izinguquko kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi umthetho uwumgoqo oyinhloko yini. Umthombo awusho ukuthi uhulumeni uzibophezele kuhlelo lwezikhathi ezithile noma iphakethe lezinguquko.

Inkinga yesibili ukuthuthukiswa kwamanethiwekhi azimele e-5G. I-Guardian ihlonza ubuchwepheshe obuzimele kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-mast njengezingxenye ezibalulekile zezinhlelo zokutshala izimali zabasebenzisi, kodwa ayibiki usuku lokuqedwa kuzwelonke, okuhlosiwe okuhloswe ngakho noma ukuthuthukiswa okulinganiselwe okulinganiselwe okuvela kulokho kutshalwa kwezimali. Ukubika okuzayo kufanele kuhlukanise ukuzinikela kwezimali kumthamo osetshenzisiwe futhi kufanele kuhlole ukuthi ingabe ukuthuthukiswa kufinyelela ezindaweni okwamanje ezibhekene nokufakwa okubuthakathaka nokwethembeka.

Isikali sethrafikhi ehlobene ne-AI nayo izodinga ukukalwa. I-Guardian ibika okulindelwe abaphathi ukuthi amadivayisi anikwe amandla i-AI angadala ukwanda okukhulu kwesidingo phakathi neminyaka emibili noma emithathu, kodwa ayinikezi izibikezelo zethrafikhi noma amamodeli azimele. Ubufakazi obuwusizo bungabandakanya izinguquko ekulayishweni kwenethiwekhi okuhlotshaniswa nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-AI, izimfuno zedatha zamadivayisi wabathengi, nokuthi ingabe ukucutshungulwa kwe-AI kwenzeka kudivayisi noma ngamasikhungo edatha akude. Ngaphandle kwaleyo mininingwane, "i-AI traffic crunch" ebikezelwe ihlala iyisexwayiso embonini kunokuba kube umphumela omisiwe.

Ekugcineni, impatho kahulumeni wase-UK yengqalasizinda yezokuxhumana iqinisekisa ukuthi ibhekisiswa. I-Guardian ibika ukuthi abaqhubi bafuna usizo oluhlobene nezezimali namandla oluqhathaniswa nalolo olunikezwa eminye imikhakha ebhekwa njengengqalasizinda kazwelonke ebalulekile. Okungaziwa kulesi sihloko ukuthi ongqongqoshe bayakwamukela yini ukuqhathanisa, ukuthi ingabe lokho kukhululwa kuzosheshisa ukuthunyelwa, noma kuzoshintsha izindleko kubakhokhintela noma abanye abasebenzisi bamandla. Ukuqinisekiswa okuzimele kokuthi Yikuphi? kanye nezibalo ze-Opensignal, impendulo esemthethweni, kanye nobufakazi benqubekelaphambili yangempela yokuthuthukisa kuzolicacisa icala.

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