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Emotional speech synthesis controls acoustic delivery so generated speech can express an intended affect.
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Research studies use emotion labels, learned embeddings, reference audio and controls that aim to preserve speaker identity.
Emotional speech synthesis research studies how to condition generated speech on affective information. One approach uses categorical emotion embeddings; another learns emotion representations from reference audio and adjusts their strength. Cross-speaker transfer methods aim to convey emotion from one speaker while maintaining a target speaker’s identity, and must address speaker leakage. Data resources are also a constraint: the EMOVIE paper describes scarcity of high-quality emotional-speech data and releases a Mandarin dataset with human-labeled annotations. Acoustic patterns are not universal rules: one study of an actress portraying four emotions found lower median RMS energy and more inter-word silence in her sad speech, while also noting that sadness and neutral speech shared some acoustic properties in that speaker. Russell’s affect model describes pleasantness and arousal dimensions. Under Article 50 of the current EU AI Act, covered providers of synthetic audio content must mark outputs in a machine-readable and detectable format, subject to the article’s scope and exceptions.
Conditioning TTS on a categorical emotion label for an experimental dataset.
Transferring an emotion embedding from a reference utterance while targeting a different speaker identity.
Adjusting the strength of a learned emotion embedding in a controlled synthesis experiment.
Applying Article 50 transparency requirements to covered AI-generated synthetic audio.
Evaluate emotion control and speaker identity separately, with datasets that specify language, speaker, emotion labels and recording conditions. For covered synthetic audio, follow applicable transparency and marking requirements; do not infer a listener’s emotional response directly from a model label.
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Emotional speech synthesis controls acoustic delivery so generated speech can express an intended affect. Research studies use emotion labels, learned embeddings, reference audio and controls that aim to preserve speaker identity.
Sintesis emosional mempertahankan kata-kata tetapi mengubah penyampaian, prosodi, dan kualitas suara, sehingga ucapan menyampaikan perasaan seperti suka atau duka.
Russell’s circumplex model organizes affective concepts around pleasantness and arousal dimensions.
In this study of one actress’s performed emotions, sad speech had lower median RMS energy and more inter-word silence; the authors note that patterns can vary and sad/neutral speech shared features.
Sistem kategoris melampirkan keterikatan yang dipelajari untuk setiap emosi yang terpisah (seperti saklar) untuk mengkondisikan penyintesis pada pengaruh yang dipilih.
The paper notes difficulty selecting a reference that conveys the desired emotion strength and proposes a controllable embedding approach.
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