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Photo-based logging, offered in apps such as MyFitnessPal, Lose It! and Cal AI, works in three steps. First, a vision model identifies which foods are in the image, often outlining each item separately. Second, it estimates how much of each food is there. Third, it looks up each food's nutrients in a database, often built on sources such as the USDA's FoodData Central, and adds them up. Some newer apps use a general vision-language model that estimates the whole meal in one step, without separate stages. Each step can introduce errors, and the errors add up. Identifying a single, distinct food like a banana or a slice of pizza usually works well. Portion estimation is the hardest step. A photo cannot easily show how deep a bowl is or how tightly food is packed. Mixed dishes like curries, casseroles and burritos hide what is inside. Cooking oil, butter, dressings and sauces are often invisible but can add large numbers of calories. One tablespoon of oil is roughly 120 calories. Even the database contributes error: brands and recipes vary, and packaged-food labels are themselves allowed some margin of error. The biggest misconception is that a precise-looking number, such as 612 calories, means a precise estimate. It does not. How confident the app looks tells you nothing about how accurate it is. A more useful approach is to treat photo logging as a quick first draft. Correct any misidentified foods. Adjust portions using the app's gram or cup options. Log oils and sauces separately. Every so often, weigh a typical meal to calibrate your eye. For many goals, consistent logging with the same method reveals trends even when each entry has some error. For anyone with a history of disordered eating, detailed calorie tracking can be harmful. Talking to a doctor or registered dietitian is a better starting point than an app.