Мошенничество с клонированием голоса с помощью искусственного интеллекта и как защитить себя

Voice cloning tools can now produce a convincing imitation of a person's voice from a small amount of recorded speech, sometimes less than a minute, taken from social media videos, voicemail greetings, podcasts or earlier phone calls. Scammers combine the cloned voice with an old script: an emergency, secrecy and pressure to pay immediately. Two patterns dominate. The family emergency scam imitates a child or grandchild claiming arrest, an accident or a kidnapping, and asks for payment through wire transfer, cryptocurrency, gift cards or a courier who collects cash. The business version, often called CEO fraud, imitates an executive to push an employee into an urgent transfer. A widely reported 2019 case involved a UK energy firm whose chief executive transferred about 220,000 euros after a call imitating his parent company's boss. In early 2024, police in Hong Kong reported that an employee of the engineering firm Arup paid out roughly 25 million US dollars after a video call with deepfaked colleagues, showing the same tactic extending to video. In 2023 the US Federal Trade Commission warned consumers specifically about family emergency scams using cloned voices, and in 2024 the Federal Communications Commission ruled that AI-generated voices in robocalls fall under existing US robocall restrictions. The main misconception is that you would recognize a fake. Under stress, people fill in gaps, and scammers keep calls short, noisy or emotional to hide flaws. Protection relies on procedures, not ears: a family safe word, calling back on a known number, refusing to pay by gift card or crypto, and involving another person before sending money. Victims in the US can report to the FTC at ReportFraud.ftc.gov and to the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center at ic3.gov; elsewhere, contact local police and your bank immediately.