K-أقرب الجيران

A KNN classifier stores labeled training examples and, for a query, finds K neighbors under a selected distance metric before combining their labels. A KNN regressor commonly aggregates neighboring numeric targets. It is instance-based rather than a compact parametric model, but fitting may still include feature scaling, index construction, or other preprocessing. Because distance uses every feature, fit scaling on training data so large-range features do not dominate. Brute-force search compares a query with many or all stored examples; KD trees, Ball trees, and approximate-neighbor indexes can accelerate suitable data and metrics. In high dimensions, distance may become less informative and tree indexes may offer little speedup. A small K can be sensitive to noise, while a larger K smooths local decisions. Validate the representation, metric, K, and search method on the intended workload.