Recherche IA

It may combine keyword search, semantic retrieval, reranking, and generated answers. A search interface should help users inspect evidence rather than hide the distinction between retrieval and generation.

Points clés à retenir

• Match retrieval methods to query types.
• Keep evidence visible with generated answers.
• Measure successful task completion.

Keyword search is useful for exact names, codes, and phrases. Semantic retrieval can help when a query and document express related ideas with different wording. Hybrid systems combine signals, but the best mixture depends on the collection and user tasks. Ranking decides which candidates appear first. It can consider relevance, freshness, quality signals, and user permissions. A learned ranker still needs evaluation against real queries, including uncommon terms and documents that have recently changed. A generated answer adds another layer. Check whether its claims are supported by the retrieved material and whether citations point to the relevant passages. A citation to a broadly related page is weaker evidence than a passage that directly establishes the claim. Design for correction and exploration. Show useful result titles, snippets, dates, and sources; preserve a way to inspect the underlying documents. Test empty results, conflicting sources, spelling variation, and queries that require an exact match. Measure whether users complete their task, not merely whether they click a result.

1. In an invented help center, a user searches for error code XJ-42, while another asks “Why does upload stop near the end?”
2. The first query benefits from exact identifier matching; the second may benefit from semantic retrieval of a relevant troubleshooting article.
3. Evaluate both cases and inspect the evidence behind any generated answer before changing ranking weights.

The hypothetical queries demonstrate why a search system should support more than one retrieval signal.