AI in Obstetrics and Fetal Monitoring Quiz

Answers and explanations appear as you take the quiz.

1. What two signals does a cardiotocograph (CTG) record?
   • Maternal blood pressure and oxygen levels
   • Fetal heart rate and uterine contractions
   • Fetal brain activity and movement
   • Placental blood flow and glucose
2. What did the UK INFANT trial of CTG decision-support software find?
   • It halved emergency caesarean sections
   • It replaced midwives on labor wards
   • No improvement in poor neonatal outcomes compared with usual care
   • It was stopped because it was too accurate
3. What are the Dawes-Redman criteria?
   • Rule-based computerized criteria for analyzing antenatal CTGs
   • A deep learning model for ultrasound
   • A blood test for preeclampsia
   • A labor positioning guideline
4. What can blind-sweep AI do for clinics without trained sonographers?
   • Perform caesarean sections remotely
   • Diagnose preeclampsia from video
   • Replace CTG monitoring in labor
   • Estimate gestational age and fetal position from simple probe sweeps by untrained staff
5. Which inputs does the Fetal Medicine Foundation preeclampsia model combine?
   • Only maternal age and weight
   • Maternal factors, mean arterial pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index and placental growth factor
   • CTG traces from labor
   • Genetic sequencing of the fetus
6. What did the ASPRE trial show?
   • Screening with the model and giving aspirin to high-risk women substantially reduced preterm preeclampsia
   • AI CTG reduced stillbirth
   • Ultrasound AI had no errors
   • Aspirin was harmful in pregnancy
7. Why do CTG models learn partly from clinician behavior rather than pure physiology?
   • Clinicians label every trace by hand for each model
   • Models read clinicians' notes instead of traces
   • Clinicians often intervened when traces looked worrying, changing what outcome would have occurred
   • CTG machines are controlled by clinicians
8. Which signal problem must a CTG model handle before extracting features?
   • Too many ultrasound frames
   • Excessive image resolution
   • Missing contraction timestamps only
   • Signal loss and mistaking the maternal heart rate for the fetal one